Platinum, density

Fig. 1. Electron micrograph of ultrathin platinum film average platinum density 0.12 jug cm-2, deposited on mica in UHV at 275°C. Film catalyst used in reaction of n-hexane at 275°C before microscopic examination. Micrograph obtained by direct transmission through mica sliver. (X400,000).

At a local pawn shop a student finds a medallion that the shop owner insists is pure platinum. However, the student suspects that the medallion may actually be silver and thus much less valuable. The student buys the medallion only after the shop owner agrees to refund the price if the medallion is returned within two days. The student, a chemistry major, then takes the medallion to her lab and measures its density as follows. She first weighs the medallion and finds its mass to be 55.64 g. She then places some water in a graduated cylinder and reads the volume as 75.2 mL. Next she drops the medallion into the cylinder and reads the new volume as 77.8 mL. Is the medallion platinum (density = 21.4 g/cm ) or silver (density = 10.5 g/cm ) ... 

The metal is silvery white and at red heat slowly changes in air to the resquioxide. At higher temperatures it converts back to the element. Rhodium has a higher melting point and lower density than platinum. It has a high reflectance and is hard and durable. 

The element is silvery white with a metallic luster its density is exceeded only by that of platinum, iridium, and osmium, and its melting point is exceeded only by that of tungsten and... 

Selected physical properties of rhenium are summarized ia Table 1. The metal is silvery-white and has a metallic luster. It has a high density (21.02 g/cm ). Only platinum, iridium, and osmium have higher densities. The melting poiat of rhenium is higher than that of all other elements except tungsten (mp 3410°C) and carbon (mp 3550°C). 

Platinacyclopent-2-ene-4,5-diones synthesis, 1, 669 Platinates, tetracyano-charge density waves in, 1, 352 Platinum... 

The copper(II) flux is directly proportional to the cuiTent density up to 10 mPJcrcf. The extraction degree of platinum(IV) into the strip solution is less than 0.1 % per hour of electrodialysis. About 55% of copper(II) is removed from the feed solution under optimal conditions. The copper(II) extraction process is characterized by high selectivity. Maximum separation factor exceeds 900 in the studied system. 

Impressed current anodes of the previously described substrate materials always have a much higher consumption rate, even at moderately low anode current densities. If long life at high anode current densities is to be achieved, one must resort to anodes whose surfaces consist of anodically stable noble metals, mostly platinum, more seldom iridium or metal oxide films (see Table 7-3). 

Six iron anodes are required for corrosion protection of each condenser, each weighing 13 kg. Every outflow chamber contains 14 titanium rod anodes, with a platinum coating 5 /tm thick and weighing 0.73 g. The mass loss rate for the anodes is 10 kg A a for Fe (see Table 7-1) and 10 mg A a for Pt (see Table 7-3). A protection current density of 0.1 A m is assumed for the coated condenser surfaces and 1 A m for the copper alloy tubes. This corresponds to a protection current of 27 A. An automatic potential-control transformer-rectifier with a capacity of 125 A/10 V is installed for each main condenser. Potential control and monitoring are provided by fixed zinc reference electrodes. Figure 21-2 shows the anode arrangement in the inlet chamber [9]. 

The submitters used a cathode of nickel foil (140 x 71 x 0.5 mm.) rolled into a cylinder 3.5 cm. in diameter surrounded by three curved platinum anodes each having the dimensions 70 x 30 x 1 mm. (total surface area 130 cm. ) with a distance of 0.5-1 cm. between the cathode and the anodes. The submitters electrolyzed for 6 hours at a current maintained at 3.25 amp. This corresponds to a total of 19.5 amp.-hours and an anodic current density of 0.025 amp./cm.Under these conditions the submitters report yields of 81-84%. 

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