Plateau triangle

At the place of contact of three films a Plateau border is formed (Plateau triangle, Fig. 1.7) the shape of which represents a triangle between three contacting cylinders. Since film... 

At the junctions between three films, there are some thicker areas (called Plateau borders) whose cross-section is constant along the edge and has the shape of a curvilinear Plateau triangle formed by arcs of three adjacent circles. 

An additional requirement is that the reactant material must have two phases present in the tie-triangle, but the matrix phase only one. This is another way of saying that the stability window of the matrix phase must span the reaction potential, but that the binary titration curve of the reactant material must have a plateau at the tie-triangle potential. It has been shown that one can evaluate the possibility that these conditions are met from knowledge of the binary titration curves, without having to perform a large number of ternary experiments. 

Fig. 18.1 Melting temperature (squares) and temperature of crystallization (triangles) for CZX-1 as a function of the DSC cooling rate. A plateau in the crystallization temperature is observed for cooling rates below l°/min resulting in a no-crystallization region of about 15°.

Figure 3. Modulus contributions from chemical cross-links (Cx, filled triangles) and from chain entangling (Gx, unfilled symbols) plotted against the extension ratio during cross-linking, A0, for 1,2-polybutadiene. Key O, GN, equibiaxial extension , G.v, pure shear A, Gx, simple extension Gx°, pseudo-equilibrium rubber plateau modulus for a polybutadiene with a similar microstructure. See Ref. 10.

Rgure 4.4. The plateau storage modulus (small solid symbols) and the minimum of the loss modulus G (small open symbols) as a function of the effective oil volume fraction. a = 0.25 um (circles), a = 0.37 j,m (triangles), a = 0.53 um (squares), and a = 0.74 qm (diamonds). The large circles are the measured values for the osmotic pressure. All data are normalized by yint/a (Adapted from [10].)... 

Figure 3.50 Levich (left panels) and Koutecky—Levich (KL) plots (right panels) forthe reduction of 02 (second plateau, see text) on graphite electrodes modified by Fe (upper panels) and Co (lower panels) porphyrin coatings (solid circles, PPIX triangles, TPP squares, TPyP empty circles, first current plateau for CoPPIX) specified in the captions to Figures 3.47 and 3.48, respectively.

Fig. 25 Dynamic yield stress estimated from the simulations of a supercooled binary LJ mixture under steady shear shown in Fig. 24, and its temperature dependence (in LJ units) from [81]. The estimate uses the stress values for the two lowest simulated shear rates, namely / = 10 (triangle) and y = 3 x 10 (circle)-, the extrapolation with the F -model is shown by diamonds. At temperatures below T = 0.38. (almost) the same shear stress is obtained for both values of y and the extrapolation, indicating the presence of a yield stress plateau...

Foam is produced when air or some other gas in introduced beneath the surface of a liquid that expands to enclose the gas with a film of liquid. Foam has a more or less stable honeycomb structure of gas cells whose walls consist of thin liquid films with approximately plane parallel sides. These two-sided films are called the lamellae of the foam. Where three or more gas bubbles meet, the lamellae are curved, concave to the gas cells, forming what is called the Plateau border or Gibbs triangles (Figure 7-1). 

In foams with high foam numbers the surface in Gibbs- Plateau borders is close to cylindrical, i.e. has a constant triangular-shaped cross-section with concave sides. The pressure in such cross-section is lowered in comparison with the pressure in foam cells by the amount of o/rcurv, where rcurv is the curvature radius of the border surface (i.e., of the side of triangle). 

Figure 14. Real conductivity for fructose in the temperature range from 30 C (open triangles) up to 70 °C (open squares) in steps of 2 C, exhibiting the typical behaviour foimd for ionically conducting materials. The plateau region corresponds to the d.c. conductivity (o)->-0), while the region at higher frequencies after bending is due to a.c. conductivity.

Fig. 12. Proportions of the CEF transition A, as a function of oxygen content. The lines corresponds to geometrical probability functions (solid line, solid circles A, dotted line, open circles Aj dashed line, triangles A3) (Mesot et al. 1993a). The vertical lines separate regions where different A, components dominate, which are associated with the two-plateau structure of T. ...

Once the pseudoemulsion films break, then the possible configurations of the bridging drop in a Plateau border are determined by Neumann s triangle and three surface tensions—0 0, Oqw, and a w There has been no analysis of the stability of the resulting configurations. It is, however, possible to speculate. We show a... 

Fig. 4 Dynamic storage (upper panel) and loss (lower panel) moduli of single network (XR = 1, filled symbols) and double networks [XR=1.34 (open triangle)-, XR=1.67 (open circle) XR = 2.00 (inverted triangle)], measured using torsional shear of ring samples at 10 Hz and 30 °C. The plateau in G is due to flocculated filler, the disruption of which at higher strain gives rise to the maximum in G". The magnitude of these two characteristic features is smaller, reflecting less carbon black agglomeration, in the double networks. The structure in the loss moduli data below ca. 0.1% strain is an instrumental artifact [34]...

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