Plant energy efficiency

Whenever possible, true steam prices should be set in the very early stages to foster plant energy efficiency. With steam priced based on its cost, engineers and operators will strive to reduce energy operating cost and identify beneficial... 

The selection of a process can be complex, requiring carehil evaluation of the many variables for each appHcation. The hemihydrate process is energy efficient, but this may not be an overriding consideration when energy is readily available from an on-site sulfuric acid plant. The energy balance in the total on-site complex may be the determining factor. 

Future Methanol Processes. The process route for methanol synthesis has remained basically unchanged since its inception by BASF in 1923. The principal developments have been in catalyst formulation to increase productivity and selectivity, and in process plant integration to improve output and energy efficiency while decreasing capital cost. 

The UPI and MI retorts are processing 7000 t/d (7700 short tons/d) of Irati shale to produce 24,381 m /d (3870 bbl) of shale as well as 80 t (55 short tons) of LPG, 132 t (145 short tons) of clean fuel gas, and 98 t (108 short tons) of sulfur. The SIX plant has reached its design rate (Table 16) in an energy efficient manner with a high on-stream (operating) factor. 

The performance ratio of ME plants is just slightly lower than the number of effects, which is deterrnined as an optimized compromise between energy efficiency and capital cost. Six effects ate typical, although plants with as many as 18 effects have been built. Eurther detail about ME desalination can be found in (56,59). 

VC plants are of small (<4, 000 /d) capacity and relatively high energy efficiency, the latter depending on the number of effects incorporated, eg,... 

The average American home is responsible for more annual pollution than the average car. This often comes as a surprise because the pollution attributed to homes is produced miles away at a power plant or out-of-sight from roof exhaust flues. However, eveiy time someone flips a switch, activates the air conditioning, or takes a shower, pollution is being produced. There will be growing appreciation for energy efficient homes that help prevent pollution. 

American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy. (198fi). Residential Conservation Power Plant Study. Washington, DC ACEEE. 

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