Planar syngas

Pilot-scale PDU planar membrane modules were fabricated, an example is shown in Figure 3. Air at low pressure is passed through the inner support passages (not shown) constructed within the planar membrane, while the pre-reformed methane mixture is passed at high pressure over the surfaces of the membrane module, where partial oxidation takes place to produce syngas. 

Installation of the PDU system was completed, and the PDU reactor system and PDU membrane modules were commissioned at high temperature and pressure with a s mgas mixture. The PDU integrates the various components of the ITM Syngas/ITM H2 reactor design and will be used to confirm the performance of the planar membrane modules and seals under commercial process conditions. The PDU reactor is shown in Figure 4. 

Figure 8.2 Planar microchanneled ceramic membrane Syngas flows over the exterior of each membrane while th flows in internal channels inside each membrane ...

Figure 8.13 Cross-section of a conceptual syngas reactor for planar membranes showing the stacks of planar membranes (top), air feed manifolding to the stacks (middle) and the nonpermeate exit manifolding (bottom).

Figure 8.14 Figure 5 from U.S. Patent Application 20050031531 A1 [27] showing a longitudinal cross-section ofa reactor for planar membranes, and showingthe stacks of membranes (501, 503, etc), the reactant feed (517),the syngas product (557), the fresh air feed (553), the nonpermeate (555) exhaust (555). 

Diethehn S., Sfeir J., Clemens F., Van herle J., Favrat D., Planar and tubular perovskite-type membrane reactors for the partial oxidation of methane to syngas , J Solid State Electrochem (8) (2004)611-617. 

Kegl et al. used HP-NMR to investigate the behavior under syngas and CO pressure of three square-planar platinum diphosphine complexes with potential as hydroformylation catalysts. A platinum hydride and cationic platinum complexes were observed. 

H2, and amines (piperidine, aniline, or NEtg). In the presence of an amine and syngas (CO/H2 = 1 2), the trigonal bipyramidal complex 3 was formed, irrespective of whether 1,5-cyclooctadiene (COD) complex 1 or dicarbonyl complex 2 was used as a precursor (Scheme 5.91). Complex 3 is a typical hydroformylation precatalyst with detailed description of composition and geometric structure in the literature [27]. The square-planar complex 2 - its structure could be proven by X-ray structural analysis - reacts with H2 to produce the corresponding dihydride 6. Upon oxidative addition of H2 and in the absence of CO, the binu-clear rhodium complex 5 is formed. Under CO, the latter is in equilibrium with the neutral complex 3. Chemical calculations provided evidence that an amine assists in the deprotonation of 6 to produce 3 via an outer-sphere mechanism. 

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