PIT - Phase inversion temperature of emulsion based on non-ionic emulsifiers

7 PIT - Phase inversion temperature of emulsion based on non-ionic emulsifiers 

Although HLB is an important tool in industrial studies related to emulsions, it does not account for changes of temperature, which can be very important For this reason, Shinoda and Arai introduced about 40 years ago the so-called phase inversion temperature (PIT), which is the temperature at which an emulsion based on nonionic emulsifiers will change from oil-in-water to watCT-in-oil. To carry out this experiment equal weights of oil and water are mixed with 3-5% surfactant to make the emulsion and then the emulsion is heated until an inversion is apparent. The PIT occurs for thermod5mamic reasons (for a temperature below PIT, the emulsifiCT is strongly polar, above PIT the emulsifier interacts much less with water). The temperature dependency 

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