Pipette washers

Advantages This assay in conjunction with the use of Multiwell plates, multichannel pipettes, microplate washer and shaker, together with a plate reading spectrophotometer, enables a large number of samples to be processed quickly. Interfacing the plate reader with a computer would provide an obvious additional advantage. 

Polarimeter, with one or more optical cells (complete with windows, caps, and Teflon or neoprene washers) constant-temperature control for range 10 to 50°C pycnometer 25-mL pipette for filling the pycnometer and a small pipette for filling the cell rubber bulb for pipetting 0 to 50°C thermometer 250-mL beaker gum-rubber tubing lint-free tissues for wiping cell windows 50-mL polyethylene bottles for PEG solution and excess solvent. 

The bottleneck for a widespread application of these technologies is still the lack of commercial or common availability of immunoreagents. So even if an analytical laboratory has all the necessary equipment, such as a microtitre plate reader, microtitre plate washer, and pipettes, it is still not in the position to use immunoanalysis for the routine analysis of pesticides (or other environmentally relevant compounds) of interest. As a general recommendation, cooperation with laboratories experienced in assay development is recommended, and also the training of personnel in such an organization. This would reduce the likelihood of the frustration and failure encountered by some researchers during the establishment of this technology in their own laboratory. 

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