Physicochemical Properties of Ionic Liquids Melting Points and Phase Diagrams

Physicochemical Properties of Ionic Liquids Melting Points and Phase Diagrams 

Although the distinctions of high temperature and low temperature are entirely subjective, depending to a great extent on the experimental context. If we exclusively consider ionic liquids to incorporate an organic cation, and limit further the selection of salts to those that are liquid below 100 C, a large range ofmaterials is still available for consideration. 

The utility of ionic liquids can primarily be traced to the work of Osteryoung et al. [3] and Wilkes and Hussey [4-6] who pioneered the use of N-butylpyridinium and l-ethyl-3-meth)4imidazolium-containing ionic liquids as liquid electrolytes for electrochemical studies. These studies have strongly influenced the choice of ionic liquids for subsequent research [7] and the vast majority of work published on room- 

Ionic Uqidds in Synthes, Second E tion. P. Wasserscheid and T. Welton (Eds.) Copyright 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlags GmbH Co. KGaA, Weinheim ISBN 978-3-527-31239-9 

Ionic liquids containing other classes of organic cations are known, and in addition to pyridinium and imidazolium systems, quaternary ammonium, phospho-nium, pyrrolidinium, and sulfonium cations combined with a variety of anions (Fig. 3.1-1 provides some common examples) have been reported and have been studied for applications in electrochemistry [7,8] and synthesis [9-11]. 

---