Photocurrent-voltage characteristics

Figure 16 Photocurrent-voltage characteristics of nanocrystalline Ti02 films sensitized by the complexes (22), (56), and (8), measured under AM 1.5 sun using 1cm2 Ti02 electrodes with I—/I3— redox couple in...

Figure 18 Photocurrent-voltage characteristics of the complex (24) measured at National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). Pertinent data are as follows. Temperature, 298 K area of cell, 0.1863 cm2 irradiance, 1,000 Wm-2 FOC = 0.721V 7max = 3.552 mA Jsc = 20.53 mA cm-2 fill factor = 70.41% Fmax = 0.5465 V 7SC = 3.824mA 7>max= 1.941 mW efficiency = 10.4%.

Figure 17.15 Photocurrent-voltage characteristics of dye-sensitized solar cells in the presence of various nanocomposite gel electrolytes. The inset shows the viscous MWCNT gel at the bottom of a test tube. Reprinted from Ref. 51. Copyright 2004 with permission from Elsevier.

Figure 15 Photocurrent-voltage characteristics of complex 24 measured at NREL.

The photocurrent-voltage characteristic here would be semi-reversible in that oxidation could follow reduction, but the peaks would be split wide apart. With stronger illumination, the bands move further upward such that the redox couple lies well within the band gap. This produces irreversible photoreduction behavior. A sudden shut-off of the illumination under these conditions would move the bands downward, such that oxidation of the reduced A species could occur on the anodic sweep. This behavior is what is observed in Figures 4 and 5. 

Figure 6.15 Photocurrent-voltage characteristics for a nanocrystalline TiC>2 surface modified with [Ru(tcterpy)(NCS)3]. Reprinted with permission from A. Hagfeldt and M. Griitzel, Acc. Chem. Res., 33, 269 (2000). Copyright (2000) American Chemical Society...

Figure 10 Dark and photocurrent-voltage characteristics of a p-n organic cell. (After Ref. 105.)...

Figure 15.5 Photocurrent-voltage characteristics of a dye-sensitized solar cell. Electrolyte composition (ionic liquids) 0.9 M ofDMHI-l and30 mM of I2. (acetonitrile) 0.8 M ofDMHI-l, 0.1 M Lil, 50 mM I2, 0.2 M t-butylpyridine. Temperature 25° C. Area 1.0 crrf. AM 1.5 (100 mW cm ) [21]. (Reprinted by permission of the Publisher, The Electrochemical Society of Japan).

Figure 22. Photocurrent-voltage characteristic of a nanocrystalline photoelectrochemical cell sensitized with cw-[Ru"(dcbpy)2(NCS)2] /(sc) is the maximum (short-circuit) current density, and K(oc) the maximum (open-circuit) voltage delivered by the cell. The conversion efficiency is calculated by use of Eq. (61).

Figure 10.7 Potentiostatic photocurrent-voltage characteristics for an illuminated n-CdSe single crystal immersed in electrolytes containing ferrocyanates with replacement of a single cyano ligand by a variety of different ligands. Details of each electrolyte are given in licht (1995).

Figure 10.8 Potentiostatic photocurrent-voltage characteristics for an illuminated n-CdSeo.65Teo.35 single crystal immersed in either of two types of aqueous polysulphide electrolyte. The top curve is for 1.8 M CS2S and 3 M sulphur bottom curve is for 1 M NaOH, 1 M Na2S, 1 M sulphur. The photocurrent-voltage curves were obtained outdoors in sunny conditions and solar-to-electrical conversion efficiencies are indicated.

Fig. 6. Photocurrent-voltage characteristic of MoS2, ZrS2 and PtS2 in absence (O) and in presence of iodide (I-) in an aqueous electrolyte...

Fig. 7. Photocurrent-voltage characteristic of n-PtS2 in presence of different redox agents with the redox potential (arrows) ...

In the experiments on nanoscale Pt islands on Si (Section 2.5), the situation is even more complex because, besides the tunnel gap between Pt and the tip, an interfacial oxide film also exists between Si and Pt At this interface, the photocurrent-voltage characteristics indicate the presence of Si surface states details are given together with the experimental data in the appropriate section 2.5.3.2. 

Figure 2.65 Photocurrent-voltage characteristic of p-lnP(l 11) A for different surface conditions dotted curve, untreated sample dashed curve, after etching in 1%...

Fig. 7 Measured outdoor photocurrent/voltage characteristics of the bipoiar gap direct ohmic AiCaAs/Si-V +f + photoeiectrochemicai soiar ceii. inset Measured outdoor photocurrent/voitage characteristics of the bipoiar gap indirect ohmic AiCaAs/Si-V +/ + photoeiectrochemicai soiar ceii.

The theoretical description of semiconductor photocurrent-voltage characteristics have received considerable attention in the literature. One of the most often used models was reported by Gartner [45], who derived the following expression for the photocurrent in a semiconductor under reverse bias ... 

Figure 12.3 Typical photocurrent-voltage characteristics in a solar cell.Jsc is the short-circuit current density, Voc is the open-circuit voltage, and /mpp and Vmpp are the current and voltage at the maximum power point, respectively.

In analogy to the solid state situation, the simplest approach to obtain a photocurrent-voltage characteristic is to add a light-induced current component of opposite sign using for the hght-induced current Jl = e nph(Eg)(l — R) where nph Eg) denotes the number of photons (s cm ) with energy above the band gap of the absorber material... 

---