Photocatalysis energy conversion

Malati, M.A., Mitigation of CO2 greenhouse effect, combined disposal and utilisation by photocatalysis. Energy Conversion and Management, 1996. 37(6-8) p. 1345-1350. 

Most of the efforts of researchers, working in the field of semiconductor colloids, are directed to the chemical modification of the system to make photoproduction reactions more efficient. EPR spectroscopy will certainly contribute to the development of new nanoscale materials which can effectively undergo charge separation for wide application in photocatalysis and solar energy conversion. 

Serpone, N. Lawless, D. Terzian, R. Minero, C. Pelizzetti, E. Heterogeneous photocatalysis Photochemical conversion of inorganic substances in the environment Hydrogen sulfide, cyanides, and metals. In Photochemical Conversion and Storage of Solar Energy, E. Pelizzetti, M. Schiavello, eds., Kluwer Acad. Publ. Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 1991. 

As mentioned before, the photocatalytic process was studied extensively for water treatment, air treatment, self-cleaning of surfaces, as well as in the context of medical applications and energy conversion. Throughout the years many insights on the fundamentals of photocatalysis were obtained. Some of the insights, closely related to air treatment, are summarized briefly hereby. 

Keywords Photocatalysis and catalysis Photocatalytic activity Band structure and excitation Energy conversion Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism Electron-hole recombination Quantum efficiency Physical property-activity correlation Synergetic effect. 

Excited-state electron transfer (ET) is a fundamental complex phenomenon playing a crucial role in a variety of photophysical, photochemical and biochemical reactions (for reviews see, for example. Refs. [ I - 3 ). Owing to the essential role of ET in many processes and in photochemical applications (e.g., solar energy conversion and storage [4-6], photocatalysis [7], photopolymerization [8], information processing and storage [9] and photomedicine [10]) the understanding of the factors which determine the thermodynamics, kinetics and dynamics of the ET processes is very important. 

Surface photochemistry is by no means a new topic. Photocatalysis and photochemical energy conversion at solid surfaces have been studied for many years. These areas have been reviewed elsewhere.i A more recent interest is in the... 

Production of H2 fuel from water via solar energy is of exceedingly high interest.115 Catalysis may involve H2 complexes at least as intermediates, and H2 complexes had previously been implicated in solar energy conversion schemes based on photoreduction of water.116 Industrially important water-gas shift and related H2-producing reactions undoubtedly proceed via transient H2 complexes.117 Biomimetic H2 production, particularly solar driven (via photocatalysis), is also a challenge and may take a cue from models of the active site of hydrogenase coupled with models of nature s photosystems.91-93 Here, the formation of H-H bonds from protons and... 

Energy conversion systems, photocatalysis, electroluminescent devices... 

Cadmium selenide is of interest for photosensitized electron transfer reactions used for solar energy conversion and photocatalysis. Small ensembles of CdSe have been synthesized within the cages of zeolite Y by ion exchange with Cd(II) and subsequent treatment with H2Se. [235] The presence of CdSe clusters with Cd-Se bond lengths of 2.60 A was inferred from EXAFS data measured at both the Cd and Se absorption edges. 

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