Photoallergic reactions, drug-induced

Morliere, P. (1986) Drug-induced photosensitivity phototoxic and photoallergic reactions-a few molecular aspects, Biochemie 68, 849-855. 

Drug-induced photosensitivity reactions are divided into phototoxicity (a nonimmunologic reaction) and photoallergic reactions (an immunologic reaction). The latter form is far less common. Medications associated with photosensitivity reactions include fluoroquinolones, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, phenothiazines, antihistamines, estrogens, progestins, sulfonamides, sulfonylureas, thiazide diuretics, and tricyclic antidepressants. 

UV exposure is known to induce photosensitive responses in humans. Photosensitivity is an adverse reaction that occurs when a chemical or drug is applied to the skin or taken internally at the same time that one is exposed to UV. Not all people are photosensitive to the same agents. Two distinct responses are observed phototoxic and photoallergic reactions. 

For example, tetracycline (506), a broad-spectrum antibiotic, and its derivatives are known to induce phototoxic or photoallergic reactions that involve photosensitization of biomolecules by the drug or the formation of one or more photoproducts and their subsequent photoreactions.1383 Singlet oxygen is probably involved. 

Harber LC, Bickers DR (1989) Drug induced photosensitivity (phototoxic and photoallergic drug reactions). In Photosensitivity diseases principles of diagnosis and treatment, 2nd edn. Decker, Toronto, pp 160-202 Hare PJ (1951) A case of occupational iron pigmentation of the skin. Br J Dermatol 63 63-66... 

Harber, L. C., Bickers, D. R., Dmg Induced Photosensitivity (Phototoxic and Photoallergic Drug Reactions). In Harber, L. C., Bickers, D. R. (eds), Photosensitivity Diseases. Principles of Diagnosis and Treatment, 2nd edn, Marcel Decker, Toronto, 1986, pp. 160 202. 

Stein, K.R., and N.S. Scheinfeld. 2007. Dmg-induced photoallergic and phototoxic reactions. Exp. Opin. Drug Scfe. 6 (4) 431-443. 

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