Phosphate group, stability

With the boronate phosphates,105 provided that stereochemical factors permit, the phosphate groups stabilize species formed by loss of... 

Finally, it may be instructive to consider a recent work of Dinner et al.,89 which examined the catalytic mechanism of uracil-DNA glycosylase, suggesting that the system works by substrate autocatalysis, where presumably the burial of the polar phosphate groups stabilize the positively charged TS. While the finding of electrostatic TS stabilization is probably correct, the overall analysis is problematic. First, the use of the concept substrate autocatalysis is in some respects an oxymoron. 

In addition to hydrogen bonding between the two polynucleotide chains the double helical arrangement is stabilized by having its negatively charged phosphate groups on the outside where they are m contact with water and various cations Na" Mg and ammonium ions for example Attractive van der Waals forces between the... 

The vicinal diol groups of deoxy sugar phosphates can be cleaved by periodate in the usual conditions without affecting the stability of the phosphate group, so that this reaction can be used for preparative purposes in certain cases. Thus, if 3-deoxy glucose 6-phosphate (23) is... 

Fructose 1,6-diphosphatase hydrolyzes D-fructose 1,6-diphosphate to give D-fructose 6-phosphate and PO . It is a key enzyme in the gluconeo-genesis pathway. Two divalent metal ions (Mg2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, and Co2+) are involved in catalysis. In the enzyme isolated from pork kidney the metal-metal distance accounts to 3.7 A [12]. A reaction mechanism similar to that of protein phosphatase 1 was proposed, but leaving group stabilization by metal coordination of the ester oxygen atom appears to be absent (Figure 6) [12]. 

---