Phenylmercurie halides

Phenylmercury halides give the corresponding phenylmercury derivative, CgH5HgC(CF3)3 (61%) [156], and perfluorocyclobutene gives the corresponding cyclobutyl derivative [156], Mechanistically, the reaction could be interpreted as formation of the fluorocarbanion via nucleophilic addition of fluoride ion to the fluoroolefin followed by capture of the intermediate fluorocarbanion by the mercury salt [156]. The regiochemistry of the reaction is consistent with this mechanism [156] (equation 119). 

There are three important routes to the formation of the mercury-transition metal bond (a) displacement of halogen or pseudohalogen from mercury(II) salts with carbonyl metallate anions (b) reaction of a halo-phenylmercury compound with a transition metal hydride and (c) oxidative addition of a mercury halide to neutral zero valent metals.1 We report here the syntheses of three compounds containing three-centre, two-electron, mercury-ruthenium bonds utilizing trinuclear cluster anions and mercury(II) halides.2-4... 

Probably the most numerous bimetallic complexes of rhodium are those containing mercury. The complex //-[RhHCl (AsMePh,)3 ] reacts with mercury(II) halides,1351 phenylmercury(II) halides,1352 or mercury(I) halides 351,1352 to produce/ac-rhodium-mercury complexes (145) (equation 333). The physical properties of the products are shown in Table 94. 

In radioreagent methods, the radioactive product of the reaction between the substance to be determined and a radioactive reagent is separated by various methods, such as precipitation or liquid-liquid extraction. For example, Cl , Br or 1 in concentrations down to 0.5 pg/1 can be determined by addition of an excess of phe-nylmercury nitrate labelled with ° Hg. The complexes formed with the halide ions are extracted into benzene, whereas the phenylmercury nitrate stays in the aqueous phase. From the difference between the activities in the aqueous phase before and... 

Reduction of diaryliodonium cations in dimethylformamide exhibits four waves. Contrary to observations in aqueous solution, under these conditions the potential of the first wave is counterion dependent for diaryliodonium halides [54], The first wave (la, —0.39 to —0.49 V versus SCE) is assigned to the reduction of phenylmercuric halide, formed by reaction of diphenyliodo-nium halide with mercury electrode. In agreement with Beringer s results in water, the second wave (lb, —0.57 V versus SCE) is associated with reduction of solution-soluble diphenyliodonium cation at an electrode surface saturated with phenylmercury radical from wave la. The third wave (II, —1.70 V versus SCE) corresponds to two-electron reduction of iodobenzene to benzene, while the fourth wave (III, —1.95 V versus SCE) is due to one-electron reduction of phenylmercury radical [54], Unsymmetrical diaryliodonium salts cleave the aryl-iodine bond corresponding to the more electron deficient aryl group [58]. 

Human activities have resulted in the release of a wide variety of both inorganic and organic forms of mercury. The electrical industry, chloro-alkali industry, and the burning of fossil fuels (coal, petroleum, etc.) release elemental mercury into the atmosphere. Metallic mercury has also been released directly to fresh water by chloro-alkali plants, and both phenylmer-cuiy and methylmercury compounds have been released into fresh and sea water -phenylmercury by the wood paper-pulp industry, particularly in Sweden, and methyl-mercury by chemical manufacturers in Japan. Important mercury compounds which also may be released into the environment include mercury(II) oxide, mercury(II) sulfide (cinnabar), mercury chlorides, mer-cury(II) bromide, mercury(II) iodine, mer-cury(II) cyanide, mercury(II) thiocyanate, mercury(II) acetate, mercury nitrates, mercury sulfates, mercury(II) amidochloride monoalkyl- and monoarylmercury(II) halides, borates and nitrates dialkylmercury compounds like dimethylmercury, alkoxyal-kylmercury compounds or diphenylmercury (Simon and Wiihl-Couturier 2002) (for quantities involved, see Section 17.4). 

Heating 65, 68 (M=Zn, Cd R=CH3, tert-C H L=3,5-lutidine) gives metal sulfides in quantitative yields with the elimination of diacyl sulfides [249]. Treatment of mercury bis(thioacetate) with an aqueous solution of KOH gives mercury sulfide and potassium acetate [307]. Phenylmercury thiocarboxylates 70 react with AT-bromo- [148] and JV-iodo-succinimides [146] to give the corresponding acylsulfenyl halides (Scheme 5) (see Sect. 2.3.5). 

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