1.10- Phenanthrolines crystal structure

Figure 3.2. Crystal structures of (upper left) Cu(L-tryptophan)(2,2 bipyridine) CIO 4 (upper right) Cu(L-Tryptophan)(1, l()-phenanthroline)ClO4 . 5H2O and (lower) Cu(L-...

Abbate, F., Orioli, P., Bruni, B., Marcon, G. and Messori, L. (2000) Crystal structure and solution chemistry of the cytotoxic complex 1,2-dichloro(o-phenanthroline) gold(III) chloride. Inorganica Chimica Acta, 311, 1. 

Chan, C.-W., Wong, W.-T. and Che, C.-M. (1994) Gold(lll) photooxidants. Photophysical, photochemical properties, and crystal structure of a luminescent cyclometallated gold(lll) complex of 2,9-diphenyl- 1,10-phenanthroline. Inorganic Chemistry, 33, 1266-1272. 

In a continuation of their earlier work,1 Hathaway and co-workers investigated crystal structures, electronic properties, and structural pathways for a series of five-coordinate complexes with two 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) ligands and axial ligands [(phen)2CuCl]Y [Y BF4 -0.51120 (269), PF6-(270), CF3S03--H20 (271) or BPh4 (272)],243 [(phen)2Cu(H20)][Y]2... 

Rate and equilibrium constant data, including substituent and isotope effects, for the reaction of [Pt(bpy)2]2+ with hydroxide, are all consistent with, and interpreted in terms of, reversible addition of the hydroxide to the coordinated 2,2 -bipyridyl (397). Equilibrium constants for addition of hydroxide to a series of platinum(II)-diimine cations [Pt(diimine)2]2+, the diimines being 2,2 -bipyridyl, 2,2 -bipyrazine, 3,3 -bipyridazine, and 2,2 -bipyrimidine, suggest that hydroxide adds at the 6 position of the coordinated ligand (398). Support for this covalent hydration mechanism for hydroxide attack at coordinated diimines comes from crystal structure determinations of binuclear mixed valence copper(I)/copper(II) complexes of 2-hydroxylated 1,10-phenanthroline and 2,2 -bipyridyl (399). 

Besides the examination of the acid/base properties of the concave acids and bases, the geometry of the new bimacrocyclic acids and bases had to be investigated to show that the concave acids and bases were indeed concave. Therefore crystal structures were elucidated by X-ray analyses. For the pyridine bislactam 3e (s. Table 1) [12b], the pyridine bissulfonamide 13j (s. Scheme 3) [15], the 1,10-phenanthroline cyclophane 21a (Structures 3) [20] and the benzoic acid 3fe (s. Scheme 6) [27a], crystals could be obtained which were suitable for X-ray analyses. The structures are shown as stereoplots in Figs. 3(a)- (d). 

Il)cycles formed with 2,2 -bipyridine or 1,10-phenanthroline type ligands to give a variety of target compounds (Scheme 18). These syntheses are more feasible than previous, where the complexes cis-[RuCl2(bpy)2] or fRuCl .(tpy)] have been used to cyclometalate 2-phenyl-pyridine and its derivatives (230-233). A bunch of diverse compounds have been prepared in good yields. Crystal structures of some of them are shown in Fig. 21 and their useful properties are summarized in Table IX. 

Mixed dinuclear complexes of tartrates and 2,2 -bipyridyl or 1,10-phenanthroline and chromium(III) have been prepared 934,935 the typical structure is illustrated below (213). Stereochemical correlations have been carried out by oxidatively cleaving the tartrate bridge (214,215).936 The crystal structure of sodium hydrogen bis(//-meso-tartrato)bis(2,2 -bipyridyl)dichromate(III) heptahydrate has been reported.937... 

All ten of the parent phenanthrolines are solids (see Table I). Most of the crystal structure work so far reported has been concerned with 1,10-phenanthroline and its derivatives. Crystal structure data and X-ray powder work on 1,10-phenanthroline hydrate26-28 confirm, as expected, that it exists as the monomer (12) with hydrogen bonding between the nitrogen atoms and the hydrogens of a water molecule.26 Crystal data on 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline have also been described.29... 

The first coordination compound of this type was the aniline complex Hg(PhNH2)2(N03)2,96 but later research revealed that up to six ligands are coordinated to Hg2(N03)2. The first X-ray crystal structure determination of this type of coordination compound was published in 1967 for Hg2(phen)(N03)2.98 In this complex one Hg atom of the Hg+—Hg+ ion is bonded to both N atoms of 1,10-phenanthroline the other Hg atom is coordinated to oxygen atoms of the nitrate ions.98 More recently X-ray structure determinations have been made with complexes of Hg2(N03)2 with either 1,4-diazine (10)99 or quinoline (11).100... 

Metal chelation has also been applied in studies of the structural-functional basis for seven-trans-membrane receptor activation. Using the (i2-adrenergic receptor as a model system, Filing el al. introduced several point mutations to form a metal binding site between trans-membrane helices III, VI and VII and showed that the receptor could be activated by metal ions alone or metal ions chelated by phenanthroline or bipyridine.1391 Based on a homology model built over the rhodopsin receptor crystal structure, helices III, VI and VII would have to move inwards to form a metal chelation site, suggesting that movement of these helices is critical for receptor activation. 

The Mn complexes of dicarboxylic acids are efficient catalase mimics. The crystal structure of [MnII(ri1ri1-L4)(phen)2] 28, (L4 = cA-5-norbomene-e cfo-2,3,-dicarboxylic acid and phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) (Figure 13) shows that this complex is a water linked dinuclear compound in solid state [100n],... 

For [Cr(CO)4(phen)] and [W(CO)4(phen)], the crystal structures are known (85CJSC66, 85CJSC69, 90MK129). The ability of 1,10-phenanthroline to substitute 2,2 -bipyridine from [Mo(CO)4(bpy)] is ascribed to the more expressed ji-acceptor function and rigidity of the 1,10-phenanthroline ligand (88IC81). 

Sergienko, V.S., M.A. Porai-Koshits, V.K. Borzunov, and A.B. Illyukhin. 1993. Crystal structure of three VO(02)+ compounds with pyridine-2-carboxylate ions and o-phenanthroline. Structural features of pseudooctahedral vanadium(V) oxoperoxo complexes. Koord. Khim. 19 767-781. 

A crystal structure of the 1 1 adduct of 1,10-phenanthroline and the seven coordinate species, [Mn(199)(H20)2](C104)2, indicates that the phenanthroline molecule is not coordinated to the manganese but is sandwiched between [Mn(I99)(H20)2]2+ units in a lamellar structure.136 The phenanthroline nitrogens are hydrogen bound to water molecules in adjacent complex ions the structure also appears to be held together by it donor/rc acceptor and dispersion forces. 

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