Phase inversion composition

Yang, H.J., Cho, W.G. and Park, S.N. (2009) Stability of oil-in-water nanoemulsions prepared using the phase inversion composition method. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry,... 

The phase inversion composition of (PPE/PS)/SAN blends, as calculated by the Utracki model, is shown by the ternary phase diagram in Fig. 23, highlighting the influence of shear rate and blend composition [93]. The lines separate the regions, where SAN and PPE/PS form the matrix. For example, SAN forms the continuous phase at high SAN contents, while PPE/PS appears as the continuous phase at elevated PPE/PS contents. 

Loeb-Sourirajan phase inversion Composite asymmetric membranes ... 

A lack of understanding of the interfacial chemistry involved in production of nanoemulsions. For example, few formulations chemists are aware of the concepts of phase inversion composition (PIC) and phase inversion temperature (PIT), and how these can be usefuUy apphed to produce small emulsion droplets. 

Since these models do not always completely agree with phase inversion compositions found experimentally, melt elasticity effects were examined to verify if the observed deviations could be attributed to elasticity effects. A model was proposed, using the storage moduli and loss tangent ratios instead of viscosity ratios in Eq. 7.6 (Table 7.3) (Bourry and Favis 1998). Based on their results, the more elastic component tends to encapsulate the less elastic one. Therefore, the elastic contribution of the blends was found to be an important factor in determination of co-continuity. 

PA 6/ABS ABS 0-100 wt% Hydrophobic nanosilica At interface when ABS forms the dispersed phase. In ABS phase when ABS is a continuous phase The change in matrix and dispersed phase viscosity ratio shifts the phase inversion at higher ABS composition in the presence of nanosilica. The phase inversion composition was determined by various characterization techniques such as DSC, DMA, rheological behavior, and solvoit extraction method Liu et al. 2013... 

The addition of nanoparticles to an immiscible blend greatly influences the viscosity ratio of the dispersed to continuous phase which in turn changes the phase inversion composition. When hydrophobic silica particles were added to... 

Fig. 5. Composition range of co-continuous structure. Full line continuity index of phase 2, broken line continuity index of phase 1. Ocri, 2, vn a o are voliune fractions of phase 1 or 2 at which partial or full co-continuity of the related phase start, opi designate phase inversion composition. Reproduced with permission from Reference 69.

Sole I, Pey CM, Maestro A, Gonzalez C, Porras M, Solans C, et al. Nano-emulsions prepared by the phase inversion composition method preparation variables and scale up. J Colloid Interface Sci 2010 344 417-23. 

Four methods may be applied for the preparation of nanoemulsions (covering the droplet radius size range 50-200 nm) use of high pressure homogenizers (aided by appropriate choice of surfactants and cosurfactants) application of the phase inversion composition method apphcation of the phase inversion temperature (PIT) concept dilution of a microemulsion. 

FIG. 5 Phase inversion compositions for blends of nonionic 3-EO alcohol... 

---