Phase diagrams topological transformation

The topological transformations in an incompatible blend can be described by the dynamic phase diagram that is usually determined experimentally at a constant shear rate. For equal viscosities, a bicontinuous morphology is observed within a broad interval of the volume fractions. When the viscosity ratio increases, the bicontinuous region of the phase diagram shrinks. At large viscosity ratios, the droplets of a more viscous component in a continuous matrix of a less viscous component are observed practically for all allowed geometrically volume fractions. 

To obtain die systematic classification of complete phase diagrams for binary systems the method of continuous topological transformation was used (Valyashko, 1990a,b 2002a,b). This method is based on the following two main principles ... 

Figure 1.13 shows a systematic classification fliat includes both known and new types of complete phase diagrams (p-T projections) arranged in the order corresponding to their continuous topological transformation. The new types appear to fill the empty places in the process of continuous transformation. 

The experimental investigations were and are the main sources of information about phase behavior in ternary systems. In the beginning of the twentieth century Smiths (1910, 1913, 1915) using the topological method and available experimental information has considered 12 versions of complete phase diagrams with various types of fluid phase behavior and solid phase transformations. But it was not a systematic classification. 

Representation of three-component systems as a set of quasi-binary cross-sections is not quite rigorous for the most real ternary mixtures because a ratio of second and third components in equibbrium phases is not usually constant. However, if we intend to study the phase behavior from the point of view of topological schemes, the sequence of binary phase diagrams of quasi-binary sections (including the sections through the ternary nonvariant points) give an exhaustive description of possible phase equilibria and phase transformations in ternary systems. 

T-X diagrams were used for an investigation of ternary fluid phase behavior by the method of continuous topological transformation of ternary monovariant ciuves originated in the nonvariant points of binary subsystems with volatile component. In the case of fluid phase diagrams aU these nonvariant points are the binary critical points and file ternary monovariant curves are the critical curves, which join the binary critical points of the same nature or intersect at ternary nonvariant critical point if they start in file binary critical points of different nature. 

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