Phase diagram ternary structure

Because the tripositive ions are the most stable for all the rare earth elements in almost all compounds, the thermochemistry of the solid (crystalline) rare earth sesquioxides dominates this chapter. Some rare earths have divalent or tetravalent states, so the chemistry of solid monoxides and dioxides are included. There are also many nonstoichiometric binary oxides of cerium, praseodymium, and terbium. As much as possible, the thermochemistry of these nonstoichiometric binary oxides is included. The stability, phase diagrams, and structures of ternary and polynary... 

Fig. 56. Cholesterol-sodium cholate-water ternary phase diagram. The structure of the bile salt micelles is indicated in the inset. These micelles remain small in the presence of cholesterol (Section IX. E). It will be noted that the micellar zone is smalt and that no liquid crystalline phases are formed in this system (2, 6, 47).

Bodak, O.I., J. Deberitz, R. Ferro, M. Harmelin, H.L. Lukas, VV Pavlyuk, P. Rogl, R. Smidt-Fetzer and J.K. Schuster, 1995, Evaluated constimtional data, phase diagrams, crystal structures and applications of lithium alloy systems, in Ternary Alloys, eds G. Effenberg, F. Aldinger and O.L Bodak, Vol. 14-15 (MSI, VCH Verlagsgesellschaft). 

These two systems were investigated by Kynghybalo and Grymak (1986). Figure 81 shows the phase diagrams. Crystal structure were undetermined for the ternary compounds Rj Mg3Ga7 (R = Ce or La). 

Rag] Raghavan, V., The B-Fe-P (Boron-Iron-Phosphoras) System , in Phase Diagrams of Ternary Iron Alloys , 3, 19-23 (1988) (Review, Phase Diagram, Crys. Structure, Thermodyn., 5)... 

Sn2Sl2, was said (385) to exist in an a and a )8 form. The crystal structures of both forms have been elucidated (119, 239, 240, 388). Apart from questions that still remain concerning the true relationship of a-and )8-Sn2Sl2, a publication by Fenner (121) on the synthesis and structure of a new ternary phase, Sn4SIe, contradicts both of the phase diagrams already mentioned. 

Although the phase diagrams of all of the systems PbY-PbXa (Y = S, Se, Te X = Cl, Br, I) have been published (see Fig. 32), contradictory data are to be found in the literature with respect to the existence and composition of ternary phases. Only four of them could be identified by structure determinations. They are summarized in Table XXII. 

A listing of ternary, quaternary and higher order systems is found in Table 1. An extensive and more detailed compilation concerning the structural chemistry and phase equilibria in the low-T phase diagrams of the (Mre, MrExXM i, Mj )4B4 type is available , along with a discussion of the physical properties and low-T behavior of these alloys (i.e., superconductivity and magnetism) - " . 

FIG. 2 Example media (a) Surfactant-water phase diagram. (Reprinted from Ref. 206, Copyright 1991, with permission from Elsevier Science.) (b) Ordered periodic and bicontinuous structures. (Reprinted from Ref. 178 with permission from Academic Press, Ltd.) (c) Nonordered membrane structures from ternary microemulsions. (Reprinted with permission from Ref. 177, Copyright 1989, American Chemical Society.)... 

Petlyuk FB, Kievskii VY and Serafimov LA (1975) Thermodynamic and Topological Analysis of the Phase Diagrams of Polyazeotropic Mixtures II. Algorithm for Construction of Structural Graphs for Azeotropic Ternary Mixtures, Russ J Phys Chem, 49 1836. 

A systematic analysis of structure and stability of binary and ternary Laves phases, or Friauf-Laves phases, has been performed by Stein et al. (2004, 2005). By reviewing a large number of experimentally determined phase diagrams with Laves phases, a number of general conclusions have been obtained. These may be summarized in the following points ... 

It has already been noticed (see 3.9.4) that according to the mentioned concepts several ternary compounds may be considered as the result of a sort of structural interaction between binary compounds. As a consequence some regular trend could also be predicted for their occurrence in their phase diagrams and in the description (and perhaps modelling) of their thermodynamic properties. A few details about this type of structural relationships will be considered in the following and, in this introduction, examples of blocks of simple structural types and of their combination in more complex types will be described. 

Much of what we need to know abont the thermodynamics of composites has been described in the previous sections. For example, if the composite matrix is composed of a metal, ceramic, or polymer, its phase stability behavior will be dictated by the free energy considerations of the preceding sections. Unary, binary, ternary, and even higher-order phase diagrams can be employed as appropriate to describe the phase behavior of both the reinforcement or matrix component of the composite system. At this level of discussion on composites, there is really only one topic that needs some further elaboration a thermodynamic description of the interphase. As we did back in Chapter 1, we will reserve the term interphase for a phase consisting of three-dimensional structure (e.g., with a characteristic thickness) and will use the term interface for a two-dimensional surface. Once this topic has been addressed, we will briefly describe how composite phase diagrams differ from those of the metal, ceramic, and polymer constituents that we have studied so far. 

This chapter presents a review of the current data on phase diagrams and crystal structures of binary, ternary and quaternary metal antimonides with the R elements (R = Sc, Y and the lanthanides). 

Nd-Li-Sb. No ternary phase diagram exists for the Nd-Li-Sb system, however the formation of one ternary compound has been reported by Fischer and Schuster (1982) NdLi2Sb2 with the CaBe2Ge2 type structure, a = 0.4280, c = 1.0910 (X-ray single crystal data). The alloy was prepared by heating the elements in a Ta crucible at 870-1170 K for 24 48 h. 

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