Peroxygen bleaching compounds

There are several peroxygen derivatives that occasionally find use in textile industry. These are potassium peroxymonosulphate (monopersulphate), potassium perphosphate and urea peroxide. These compounds are rarely used by themselves, but are used primarily as bleach boosters. They are all powders and are usually compounded where a strong colourless oxidising agent is indicated. The mechanism of potassium peroxydisulphateperoxide is represented by the following reactions  

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Two general types of bleaches have been used in ADDs hypochlorite and peroxygen bleaches. Chlorine bleaches refer here to complexes that either contain or deliver hypochlorite (OC1-) in solution. The compounds used in detergent products are typically alkali metal or alkaline earth hypochlorites, with liquid sodium hypochlorite being the most common. Solid calcium hypochlorite has also received attention, although its low solubility and its contribution of Ca2+ to the wash liquor has limited its use in LADD products. Generally, NaOCl is added in amounts resulting in 1 to 2% available chlorine. 

They are prepared by sulfonation of an alkyl aryl compound under vigorous conditions. This reaction leads to coloured products. Peroxygens are used to chemically bleach these compounds to give lightly coloured materials.87-91 To... 

Peroxygen (active oxygen) bleaches hydrogen peroxide, peroxy, and peroxyhydrate compounds, peracids, and related. 

All dry oxygen bleaches contain inorganic peroxygen compounds, mostly percarbonate. The product class is subdivided into three categories. 

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