Peroxone process

Peroxone processes are expected to cost 0.10 to 1 (1995 dollars) per gallon of water treated (D160269, p. 5). 

UV peroxide process Ozonolysis Peroxon process Fe3+-catalyzed photolysis Photoassisted Fenton process Photocatalysis... 

As such, the peroxone process results in the formation of OH through the reaction of O3 with H2O2. A difference between the ozonation and peroxone process is that the former relies mainly on the direct oxidation by O3, whereas the latter depends primarily on the oxidation with OH. The O3 residual in the peroxone process is short-lived because the O3 decomposition is accelerated by the addition of H2O2, leading to a more reactive and faster oxidation in the peroxone process compared to the ozonation. 

The reaction of O3 with H2O2 is called the peroxone process. The reaction of H2O2 with O3 is slow, but that of its anion, HO2, is fast. It is thus necessary to work at pH values below the pK of H2O2. According to Sein et al the rate... 

Degradation kinetic of organic pollutants by O3 process, either direct or indirect mechanism, is reported as first order or pseudo -first order kinetic, while in the ease of peroxone proeess, degradation kinetics follows second order due to the predominant degradation mechanism by OH radicals. 

In this section, brief fundamental reaction mechanisms for each AOP are addressed. Included as AOPs are individual and combinational processes in the use of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, catalyzed titanium dioxide oxidation, Fenton s reagent oxidation, ozonation, peroxone oxidation, and permanganate oxidation. 

The second remediation technique pumps the groundwater along with hydrogen peroxide, ozone, or peroxone into vertical metal cylinders or tanks. At one demonstration project, the process took groundwater contaminated at 50 ppb and successfully cleaned it to 2 ppb. This may be more suitable for smaller sites. 

As an oxidant, ozone removes iron, odors, and sometimes color, from water. It is used to oxidize organic substances in water, so they can he more easily removed in subsequent processes, i.e., coagulation, sedimentation, and filtration. Occasionally, ozone is combined with peroxide to increase its oxidation potential (peroxone). Peroxone can remove a wide variety of organic contaminants. 

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