Periodate oxidation VOLUME

Fig. 10.—Reactivity of anti-galactose antibodies (well Ai) and anti-BSA antibodies (well A2) with BSA (1), periodate-oxidized /3-Gal-BSA (2), and /3-Gal-BSA (3). Inhibition of anti-galactose antibodies (Ab) by galactose (D) and glucose (E), and reference (C). Wells 4-7 contain decreasing amounts of /3-Gal-BSA. (Reprinted from Journal of Immunological Methods, Volume 75, J. H. Pazur and S. A. Kelly, pp. 107-116, copyright 1984 with kind permission of Elsevier Science—NL, Sara Burgerhartstraat 25, 1055 KV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.)...

Fig. 14.—Agar-diffusion plates of anti-fucose antibodies and anti-BSA antibodies. F = fucose-BSA, B = BSA. xf, xB = periodate-oxidized samples, Se = anti-BSA antibodies, and A = anti-fucose antibodies. (Reprinted with permission from Journal of Protein Chemistry, Volume 13, J. H. Pazur, B. Liu, and T. F. Witham, pp. 59-66, copyright 1994 Journal of Protein Chemistry.)...

Fig. 4 HPLC profile in the fluorometric C7/C9 analysis. A typical elution profile of DMB derivatives of C7-analogues and authentic sialic acids (C9) on the fluorometric HPLC. Disialyl silalitols, 12.5 ng each of Neu5Aca2— 8Neu5Aca2—>8-Neu5Ac-ol and Neu5Gca2—>8Neu5Gca2 8-Neu5Gc-ol, were subjected to the periodate oxidation/reduction/hydrolysis, DMB derivatization, and fluorometric HPLC on a TSK-gel ODS-120T column (250 x 4.6 mm i.d.). The column was eluted with acetoni-trile/methanol/water (9 7 84 by volume) at 1.0 mL/min at 26°C. Elution profile was monitored by measurement of fluorescence excitation, 373 nm emission, 448 nm...

As described in Chapter 16 of Volume VII Kuhn et al. have shown by partial hydrolysis, by periodate oxidation, by permethylation using... 

A structure (LXXXII) for anhydroryanodine (see Volume V, p. 321) has been proposed (216) on the basis of IR-, UV-, and NMR-spectro-scopy supplemented by some chemical reactions. Ryanodol is the non-nitrogenous fragment obtained by the hydrolysis of ryanodine. Mild acid treatment converted it into a lactone. Permanganate-periodate oxidation yielded acetic, isobutyric, and -methylglutaric acids. The NMR-spectrum showed that there are six hydroxy groups, only one being secondary, in addition to the hemiacetal function. The remainder were tertiary (217). 

The situation illustrated in Figure 4 allows both species to coexist. Either of the two sets of curves can be considered the oxidized species the other is the reduced species. The choice depends on whether oxidation or reduction is occurring at the surface. Assume the upper curve is the reduced species and the lower curve is its oxidized form. An appHed voltage has maintained fixed surface concentrations for some period of time including and The concentration profile of the oxidized species decreases at the electrode surface (0 distance) as it is being reduced. Electrolysis therefore results in an increase in the concentration of reduced species at the surface. The concentration profiles approach bulk values far from the surface of the electrode because electrolysis for short times at small electrodes cannot significantly affect the concentrations of species in large volumes of solution. 

The chemistry of plutonium is unique in the periodic table. This theme is exemplified throughout much of the research work that is described in this volume. Many of the properties of plutonium cannot be estimated accurately based on experiments with lighter elements, such as uranium and neptunium. Because massive amounts of plutonium have been and are being produced throughout the world, the need to define precisely its chemical and physical properties and to predict its chemical behavior under widely varying conditions will persist. In addition to these needs, there is an intrinsic fundamental interest in an element with so many unusual properties and with so many different oxidation states, each with its own chemistry. 

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