Peridotites mantle evolution

Jacobsen S. B., Quick J. E., and Wasserburg G. J. (1984) A Nd and Sr isotopic study of the Trinity Peridotite imphcations for mantle evolution. Earth Planet Sci. Lett. 68, 361-378. 

Irvine G. J., Pearson D. G., and Carlson R. W. (2001) Lithospheric mantle evolution in the Kaapvaal craton A Re-Os isotope study of peridotite xenoliths from Lesotho kimberlites. Geophys. Res. Lett. 28, 2505—2508. 

Alternative views of early Archaean mantle evolution require that mantle depletion started as early as ca. 4.5 Ga (see compilation in Rollinson, 1993). These models imply significant mantle Sm-Nd fractionation in the very early Archaean and have major implications for the differentiation of the early Earth. One such study is that of Bennett et al. (1993) who measured very high eNd values (+3.5 to +4.5) in 3.81 Ga Amitsoq gneiss samples. Collerson et al. (1991) also calculated an isochron eNd value of +3.0 for 3.8 Ga-old peridotites from northern Labrador. The extreme deviation from CHUR early in Earth history (Fig. 3.27) was interpreted by Bennett et al. (1993) as evidence for an extreme and very early fractionation of the Earth s mantle relative to CHUR. Such an event implies the formation of extensive continental crust prior to 3.8 Ga, for which there is no independent geological evidence. This apparent paradox and the claim for very early extensive mantle differentiation led to a detailed reexamination of the Bennett... 

Beccaluva L, Bianchini G, Coltorti M, Perkins WT, Siena F, Vaccaro C, Wilson M (2001) Multistage evolution of the European lithospheric mantle new evidence from Sardinian peridotite xenoliths. Contrib Mineral Petrol 142 284-297... 

To explain the denudation of peridotites on the seafloor before the onset of oceanic accretion, Lemoine et al. (1987) and Trommsdorff et al. (1993) proposed a model involving extensional exhumation of subcontinental mantle along a major, normal detachment fault rooted in the crust-mantle boundary (Wernicke, 1981,1985). In most cases, however, the peridotites record a higher-temperature evolution than would be expected from stable lithospheric mantle. This suggests that ... 

Brueckner H. K. and Medaris L. G. (2000) A general model for the intrusion and evolution of mantle garnet peridotites in high-pressure and ultra-high-pressure metamorphic terranes. J. Metamorph. Geol. 18, 123-133. 

Takazawa E., Prey P., Shimizu N., and Obata M. (1996) Evolution of the Horoman Peridotite (Hokkaido, Japan) implications from pyroxene compositions. In Melt Processes and Exhumation of Garnet, Spinel and Plagioclase Facies Mantle (eds. M. A. Menzies, J. L. Bodinier, F. Frey, F. Gervilla, and P. Kelemen). Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands, vol. 134, pp. 3-26. 

Yoshikawa M. and Nakamura E. (2000) Geochemical evolution of the Horoman Peridotite Complex implications for melt extraction, metasomatism and compositional layering in the mantle. J. Geophys. Res. 105, 2879-2901. 

Ionov D. A., and Weis D. (2002) Hf isotope composition of mantle peridotites first results and inferences for the age and evolution of the hthospheric mantle. Abstract, 4th Int. Workshop on Orogenic Lherzolites and Mantle Processes, Samani, Japan, pp. 56—57. 

Walker R. J., Carlson R. W., Shirey S. B., and Boyd F. R. (1989a) Os, Sr, Nd, and Pb isotope systematics of southern African peridotite xenoliths implications for the chemical evolution of sub-continental mantle. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta S3, 1583-1595. 

Direct evidence for the compositional effects of partial melt extraction is preserved in samples of upper-mantle lithosphere with a range of ages, including Archean cratonic mantle, Proterozoic subcontinental mantle, and modern oceanic mantle. Samples of upper mantle are collected as xenoliths, peridotites dredged from oceanic fracture zones, and slices of upper mantle tectonically exposed at the surface, and extensive samples exist from both oceanic and continental settings (see Chapters 2.04 and 2.05). Here, data sets are assembled for oceanic and subcontinental mantle lithosphere, and compositional trends are compared to those predicted for partial melt extraction from fertile peridotite in order to deduce the role that melt extraction has played in producing compositional variability in upper-mantle lithosphere, and to place constraints on the thermal evolution of the mantle. 

Siena F., Beccaluva L., Coltorti M., Marchesi S., and Morra V. (1991) Ridge to hot-spot evolution of the Atlantic lithospheric mantle evidence from Lanzarote peridotite xenoliths (Canary Islands). J. Petrol. (Special LherzoUtes Issue) 271-290. 

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