Percec

G.and S.Henrici Olive, Pensacola, LL V. Percec, Cleveland, OH N. A Plate, Moscow C. I. Simionescu, Bucarejti S.Sivaram, Gujarat D.H. Solomon, Melbourne RTadokoro, Osaka M.Takayanagi, Fukuoka I.Uematsu, Tokyo O. Vogl, Amherst, MA C.Wippler, Strasbourg H.Zahn, Aachen... 

Ni(0)-mediated homocouplings of 2-subslituted l,4-phcnylenebis(triflate)s have been reported by Percec et al. [15] to provide substituted poly(/ -phenylene)s 7 containing alkyl, aryl or ester substituents in the 2- and 3-positions of the 1,4-phenylcnc skeleton. This method of preparation appears to be broad in scope, especially due to the ease of preparation of the bis(lriflatc) monomers starting from the corresponding hydroquinone derivatives. 

Some of the more remarkable examples of this form of topologically controlled radical polymerization were reported by Percec et cii.231 234 Dendron maeromonomers were observed to self-assemble at a concentration above 0.20 mol/L in benzene to form spherical micellar aggregates where the polymerizable double bonds are concentrated inside. The polymerization of the aggregates initiated by AIBN showed some living characteristics. Diversities were narrow and molecular weights were dictated by the size of the aggregate. The shape of the resultant macroniolecules, as observed by atomic force microscopy (ATM), was found to depend on Xn. With A, <20, the polymer remained spherical. On the other hand, with X>20, the polymer became cylindrical.231,232... 

The first reports of ATRP (Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization), which clearly displayed the characteristics of living polymerization, appeared in 1995 from the Laboratories of Sawamoto,2 Matyjaszewski266 and Percec.267 The literature on ATRP is now so vast that a comprehensive review cannot be... 

Percec and coworkers327 331 reported in situ fonnation of active CuCl/CuCL catalyst from the initiator, CinO, Cu(0) and combinations of these in conjunction with ligand (bpy) and various polyethers or ethylene glycol and suggested that improved control was obtained under these conditions. 

MI18 V. Percec, G. Johansson, D. Schlueter, J. C. Ronda, G. Ungar, Macromol. Svmp. 1996,101,... 

Percec, V. et al. Synthesis and retrostructural analysis of hbraries of AB3 and constitutional isomeric AB2 phenyl propyl ether-based supramolecular dendrimers, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 128, 3324, 2005. 

Percec, V. et al. Principles of self-assembly of helical pores from dendritic dipeptides, Proc. Natl. Acad. Set USA., 103, 2518, 2006. 

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