Peptides peptide stereoisomer separations

In a series of papers, the methodologies applied for amino acids were extended to peptide stereoisomer (enantiomer and diastereomer) separations [59,116,121-123],... 

Scriba, G. K. E. (2006). Recent advances in peptide and peptidomimetic stereoisomer separation by capillary electromigration techniques. Electrophoresis 11, 222-230. 

Three approaches can be employed to separate peptide stereoisomers and amino acid enantiomers separations on chiral columns, separations on achiral stationary phases with mobile phases containing chiral selectors, and precolumn derivatization with chiral agents [111]. Cyclodextrins are most often used for the preparation of chiral columns and as chiral selectors in mobile phases. Macrocyclic antibiotics have also been used as chiral selectors [126]. Very recently, Ilsz et al. [127] reviewed HPLC separation of small peptides and amino acids on macrocyclic antibiotic-based chiral stationary phases. 

Separation of peptide stereoisomers can be accomplished using the same approach as for chiral amino acids, as mentioned before. 

Czerwenlra C, Lammerhofer M, Lindner W (2003) Micro-HPLC and standard-size HPLC for the separation of peptide stereoisomers employing an ion-exchange principle. J Pharm Biomed Anal 30 1789-1800... 

One of the problems attaching to the HPLC separation of peptides is the analysis of stereoisomers (enantiomers and diastereoisomers), that is, of peptides that differ only in the configuration of their amino acid residues. 

Numerous HPLC analyses have been carried out on biologically active diastereoisomeric peptides (encephalins, endorphins, hormones) in order to isolate them so that their activity can be studied however, the separation of stereoisomers is not yet common in the field of food science. 

J. Florance, High-performance liquid chromatographic separation of peptides and amino acid stereoisomers, J. Chromatogr., 414313 (1987). 

Florance J., Galdes A., Konteatis Z., Kosarych Z., Langer K., Martucci C., High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Separation of Peptide and Amino Acid Stereoisomers, Journal of Chromatography. 414 (1987), 313-323. 

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