Pelargonidin derivatives

Giusti, M.M., Rodriguez-Saona, L.E., and Wrolstad, R.E. 1999. Spectral characteristics, molar absorptivity and color of pelargonidin derivatives. J. Agric. Food Chem. 47 4631-4637. 

The main pigment is cyanidin 3-sophoroside, although the 3-glucoside, the 3-rutinoside and the 3-(2"glucosyl)rutinoside of cyanidin are also detected. Pelargonidin derivatives can also be detected at trace levels in some cultivars. Total anthocyanin varies from 230-590 mg/kg fw. [17 31]. 

Six anthocyanidins are commonly found in plants and plant-derived foods and beverages pelargonidin, cyanidin, delphinidin, peonidin, petunidin, and malvidin. Their structures differ in the number and position of hydroxyl and methoxyl groups on the flavan nucleus. The most commonly occurring anthocyanidin is cyanidin, and all these anthocyanidins are found in plants as glycosides with or without acylation, leading to around 400 different stractures. 

Raphanus sativus cotyledons 0.5 0 a feruloyl derivative-70 kaempferol-80 pelargonidin-85 (56) ... 

The fundamental nucleus in anthocyanidins (aglycones) is flavylium chloride. Most of the anthocyanidins are derivatives of 3,5,7-trihydroxyflavylium chloride. Thus, the hydroxylation patterns in the natural anthocyanidins fall into the three basic groups of pelargonidin, cyanidin and delphinidin. Anthocyanidins are rarely found in fresh plant material because of their instability [19]. 

Figure F1.2.1 Spectral characteristics of purified radish anthocyanins (acylated pelargonidin-3-sophoroside-5-glucoside derivatives) in pH 1.0 and pH 4.5 buffers.

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