Pauling s Rules

Pauling s rules Pauli paramagnetism Pavabid Pavements Pavidon Paving... 

The strengths of the monobasic acids increase rapidly with increase in oxidation state of the halogen in accordance with Pauling s rules (p. 50). For example, approximate values of pKa are HOCl 7.52, HOCIO 1.94, HOCIO2 - 3, HOCIO3 — 10. The pXa values of related acids increase in the sequence Cl < Br < I. 

The required local charge balance between cations and anions which is expressed in Pauling s rule causes the distribution of cations and anions among the octahedral and tetrahedral interstices of the sphere packing. Other distributions of the cations are not compatible with Pauling s rule. 

It will be noted that there is a factor of approximately 105 between successive dissociation constants. This relationship exists between the equilibrium constants for numerous polyprotic acids, and it is sometimes known as Pauling s rule. This rule is also obeyed by sulfurous acid, for which ffj = 1.2 X 10 2 and K2 = 1 X 10 7. 

Pattinson s lead white, 14 785 Pauli exclusion principle, silicon-based semiconductors and, 22 235 Pauling, Linus, 25 747-748 Pauling s rules, 22 453... 

In addition, many mineral species, such as the chain silicates, contain identical basic chemical units, and hence exhibit very similar crystal structures but have different chemical compositions. These minerals may be members of a mineral series if the chemistry varies predictably. The variations, known as atomic substitution, are based on Pauling s rules. 

These principles are phrased in the language of the ionic model, but they provide a simpler and more explicit description of stable structures than that given by the ionic model s energy minimization principle. Among the important ideas captured by Pauling s rules are those of local charge neutrality, the definition of electrostatic bond strength, and the rule of parsimony which is closely... 

Se03 and selenic acid H2Se04 are similar to the sulphur analogues except that they are more strongly oxidising. Tellurium behaves differently, as telluric acid has the octahedral Te(OH)6 structure, which, as expected from Pauling s rules, is a very weak acid. 

Except for fluorine the elements have an extensive oxoacid chemistry. Figure shows Frost diagrams with the oxidation states found in acid and alkaline solution. The sharp trend in oxidising power of the elements (X2/X- potential) can be seen. As expected from Pauling s rules the hypohalous acids X(OH)... 

---