Pauling’s electronegativity

Pauling s electronegativity difference, where represents the electronegativity of atom X. 

Parr method 995 Pauling s electronegativities 561 Penicillin sulphoxides epimerization of 750 synthesis of 246 Peptides 854, 864-866... 

Biltz-Zen trend have been discussed and represented as a function of a charge transfer atomic parameter which correlates with Pauling s electronegativity. This approach has been successfully employed for groups of binary alloys formed by the alkaline earths and the divalent rare earth elements. 

Titanium dioxide differs from silica mainly in two respects (1) the Ti + ions are octahedrally coordinated in all three modifications of TiOji (2) the Ti—0 bond is more pronouncedly ionic than the Si—O bond. Using Pauling s electronegativity values (297), one calculates a 63% ionic character for the Ti—0 single bond versus 50% for Si—O. In SiOj, there is certainly some double bond character involving 3d orbitals of the Si atom, causing lowered ionic character. Therefore, characteristic differences should be expected regarding the surface chemistry. 

Table 1.6 Elemental properties first four ionization potentials (II, 12,13,14, from Samsonov, 1968 values expressed in eV values in parentheses are of doubtful reliability) electron affinity (e.a., from Samsonov, 1968 eV) Pauling s electronegativity (P, from Samsonov, 1968 eV) Sanderson s electronegativity (S, from Viellard, 1982 adimensional). 

Atom Ionization Potential (kcal/mol) Electron Affinity (kcal/mol) Atom Polarizability (A ) Van Der Waals Radii (A) Pauling s Electronegativity Xp... 

It has been possible [217] to correlate this expression for the force with Pauling s electronegativity scale giving... 

Pm is the electronic population of the atom A/ is the Pauling s electronegativity specific for the subshell (s-, p- etc.) to which the orbital i belongs, and Amk is the strength of the resonance interaction characteristic for the pair of atoms (chemical elements) M and K. Practical implementation goes further and sets... 

Following Townes and Dailey, we assume that the atomic orbital of the halogen has 15 % s-character when the halogen atom is bonded to an element which is more electropositive than the halogen atom by at least 0.25 in Pauling s electronegativity scale. 

Matsunaga, N. Rogers, D. W. Zavitsas, A. A. Pauling s electronegativity equation and a new corollary accurately predict bond dissociation enthalpies and enhance current understanding of the nature of the chemical bond, J. Org. Chem. 2003, 68, 3158-3172. 

Therefore, in order to solve the questions concerning the degree of ionic character of a bond, its strength, etc., one uses the values of Pauling s electronegativity or absolute electronegativities which are shown in Table 2.1 (the values are taken from the Reference Book [5]). 

Ab initio calculations were carried out on both the ni-6 and ni-6 configurations of mdo-B6H64 and fourteen other mono- and di-heteroatom substituted analogs (see Figure 4). The heteroatoms (followed by Pauling s electronegativity values in brackets, ) included C 2.5, N 3.1, S 2.4, and 0 3.5], to be compared withB 2.0. ... 

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