Partition chromatography HPLC and GLC

Solids that strongly attract water and other polar solvents are the common media for achieving classical column-chromatographic separation of amino acids and peptides, on the basis of the partition principle (Hearn, 1991 Hancock, 1984). Cellulose (i.e. paper in the form of sheets or powder), one of the media of this type used since the earliest days of chromatography, also has the capacity to bind, through adsorbed water, to one enantiomer of certain amino acids, e.g. tryptophan, more strongly than to the opposite enantiomer (chiral or enantioselective separation chromatographic resolution), because cellulose is homochiral (constructed purely of one enantiomer). 

The scheme summarises all modern analytical and preparative chromatography protocols, such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas-liquid chromatography (GLC), with all their conceivable variations. Reverse-phase HPLC or GLC , in which a non-polar liquid is adsorbed onto the solid - the stationary phase - is more appropriate for the analysis of mixtures of derivatives of amino acids and peptides. Cellulose in the above scheme would be replaced by a less-polar medium, such as acetylated cellulose, silanised silica gel, etc. in standard reversed-phase HPLC. 

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