Part A Carboxylic Acids, Esters and Amides

Memorization Task 24.1 Recognize (and Name) Common Carboxylic Acid Derivatives 

Nitriles (R-C=N) are often considered another carboxylic acid derivative because a nitrile can be converted easily into a carboxylic acid by addition of acid and water (see Synth. Transformation 11.6. ) 

Naming rules for carboxylic acids and derivatives are outlined in Nomenclature Worksheet 4. 

For each compound above we can draw a second-order resonance structure to show donation of electron density into the bond marked with = . This reduces the reactivity of the carbonyl toward a nucleophile. 

For each set in Model 1, draw curved arrows showing conversion of the top resonance structure 

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