Paramagnetism paramagnetic materials

In addition, the magnetic characteristics of a material can change as a function of stress (e.g., unannealed series 316 stainless steel can be magnetic after machining), temperature, pressure, and physical and chemical treatment. Therefore, when two paramagnetic materials with similar magnetic susceptibilities are to be separated, the possibility that pretreatment will facilitate subsequent separation should be studied. 

In paramagnetic materials, the relaxation frequency is in general determined by contributions from both spin-lattice relaxation and spin-spin relaxation. Spin-lattice relaxation processes can conveniently be studied in samples with low concentrations of paramagnetic ions because this results in slow spin-spin relaxation. Spin-spin relaxation processes can be investigated at low temperatures where the spin-lattice relaxation is negligible. Paramagnetic relaxation processes have... 

They are also used for paramagnetic materials with high magnetic susceptibility. 

If we first consider the three scenarios at the same field, we can immediately see how the paramagnetic material shows the largest magnetocaloric effect, followed by a ferromagnetically coupled system, and then the antiferromagnetic case. 

In this chapter, we will focus on paramagnetic materials based on two pyridine substituted TTFs (Fig. 5) the TTF CH=CH py [59] and its trimethyl derivative Me/ITF CH=CH pv [51]. Owing to the presence of one pyridine group on each TTF, such ligands coordinate to one transition metal ion. Therefore, a large variety of transition metal complexes can, in principle, adapt pyridine substituted TTFs in... 

Radicals have been known for many years to form organic paramagnetic materials with numerous magnetic properties (ferro- or ferri-magnetism, spin Peierls transition, spin frustration, spin ladder systems) (see [51-60] for verdazyl radicals, [61-68] for thiazyl radicals, [69] for nitronyl nitroxide and [70-78] for Tempo radicals) (Fig. 6). When they are in their cationic form, they are valuable candidates for an association with the M(dmit)2 systems they will then provide the magnetic properties thanks to their free electron(s), whereas the M(dmit)2 moieties will provide the electrical properties. 

S. A. Al tshuler, Resonant absorption of sound in paramagnetic materials, Dokl. AN SSSR, 1952, 85, 1235. 

Extracting Chemical Information from the Spectra of Paramagnetic Materials... 

Depending upon its properties, the paramagnetic material can be encapsulated into the aqueous core of the liposome (if hydrophilic), incorporated or intercalated in the membrane (if lipophilic or amphiphatic), or directly attached by chemical bond to the surface membrane (107-109). 

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