Para-OCTYL PHENOL

Figure 10.67 Reaction of para-octyl phenol with formaldehyde to produce methylol-terminated para-octyl-substituted phenol formaldehyde curing resin...

Tack is the ability of two rubbery materials to resist separation after bringing their surfaces into contact for a short time under light pressure. The effect of para-tert-octyl phenolic (PTOP) resin on the tack of isoprene/N660 compound has been studied before and after ageing with FTIR spectroscopy [170]. 

Substituted and Heat Reactive. The third class, substituted and heat-reactive resins, are made by using para-substituted phenols where the substituent is a four-carbon or higher group such as tert-butyl, tert-octyl, and phenyl. Small amounts of ortho-substituted phenols and unsubstituted phenols are sometimes coreacted but, in general, the functionality is 2, and only linear molecules are formed. They are brittle solids that do not form films. The substituent makes the resins less polar and hence they are soluble in ketones, esters, and aromatic hydrocarbons, with limited solubility in alcohols and aliphatic hydrocarbons. The phenolic resins based on longer chain aliphatic phenols are more compatible with drying oils, alkyds, and rubbers. 

EINECS 217-302-5 HSDB 5857 1-(p-Hydroxyphenyl)-octane Phenol, 4-octyl- Phenol, p-octyl- 4-Octylphenol p-Octylphenol para-Octylphenol. 

The original acid-clay developers have been largely replaced by phenolic compounds, such as para-substituted phenolic novolaks. The alkyl group on the phenolic ring is typically butyl, octyl, nonyl, or phenyl. The acidity is higher than that of a typical unsubstituted novolak because of the high concentration of 2,2 -methylene bridges. 

Figure 11.35 Synthesis of para-f-octyl phenol Formaldehyde Is manufactured as follows in Figure 11.36.

Isobutylene reacts with ammonia to make f-butylamine, an important feedstock in the synthesis of TBBS rubber accelerator, one of the two most widely used accelerators. Isobutylene is dimerized to make diisobutylene, which is used to produce octy-lated diphenylamine (a commonly used rubber antioxidant) and para-t-octyl phenol (a feedstock for the most common phenolic tackifier resin used by the rubber industry). 

Methylol-terminated para-alkyl-substituted phenol formaldehyde resin is used as the vulcanizing agent for compounds based on butyl and EPDM rubber. The alkyl group is usually octyl. It is commonly used to cure butyl rubber where superior heat resistance is needed. Therefore, this vulcanizing agent is commonly used as the curative to make butyl bladders for repetitive curing of tires. It is also sometimes used in dynamic vulcanization with a tin chloride activator to make thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs). 

---