Pandaros acanthifolium

Additional pharmacological studies on the cytotoxic compound acanthifolicin (95), the 9,10-episulfide derivative of okadaic acid obtained from sponge Pandaros acanthifolium [103], showed it to be an inhibitor of phosphatases 1 and 2a (PP1-1 and PP-2a) with similar potencies to okadaic acid [104]. 

Schmitz, F.I, Prasad, R.S., Gopichand, Y, Hossain, M.B., van der Helm, D., and Schmidt, P. 1981. Acanthifolicin, a new episulfide-containing polyether carboxylic acid from extracts of the marine sponge Pandaros acanthifolium. J Am Chem Soc 103, 2467-2469. 

D. norvegica, D. acuminata Prorocentrum lima Halichondria okadaic H. melanodocia Pandaros acanthifolium [114, 115]... 

Schmitz, F.J., R.S. Prasad, Y. Gopichand, M.B. FIossain, D. van der Helm, and P. Schmidt Acanthifolicin, a New Episulfide-Containing Polyether Carboxylic Acid from Extracts of the Marine Sponge Pandaros acanthifolium. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 103, 2467 (1981). 

Acanthifolidn is the episulfide in 9-10 of okadaic acid. Isolated from the sponge Pandaros acanthifolium, it is not yet known whether this compormd results from a modification of okadaic acid by the sponge, or whether it is a new derivative of an epiphyte or symbiotic dinoflagellate. Its toxidty and biological properties are similar to those of okadaic acid and dinophysistoxins (Schmitz et al, 1981). 

Regalado, E.L., Tasdemir, D., Kaiser, M., Cachet, N., Amade, P., and Thomas, O.P. (2010) Antiprotozoal steroidal saponins frpm the marine sponge Pandaros acanthifolium. J. Nat. Prod., 73,1401-1410. 

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