Packing nesting

Referring now to the shape of the void as shown in Figure 28, the rhombohedral andletrahedral cells are denoted by the letters R and T. The T-spaces correspond to the voids between four spheres in closest packing with one sphere nested in the hollow formed by the other three. In this space there are six points of contact between spheres and four lines or branches. These branches connect one cell with another. 

To promote uniform distribution of vapor and liquid throughout the packed bed Uniform distribution improves packing efficiency. For instance, random packing particles that interlock" with, or "nest inside other particles can lead to channeling and therefore to lower efficiency. 

Figure 1 (a) A close-packed layer of equal sized spheres, (b) The layer labeled B is added below A and nests in the P positions shown in (c)... 

Glass and plastic bottles are most commonly packed by top load case packers. Top load packers can pack bottles into corrugated cases, plastic cases, cormgated trays, plastic trays, full- or half-depth cases, or nested carriers. The complexity of the cases and product matrix determines the justification for a top loader. 

Some older sediment deposits have been covered by flowstone (Ff) or cemented by calcite (Fb). Organic deposits (Fo), such as pack rat nests and midden, overlie older deposits including some flowstone and calcite-cemented areas. 

Organic deposits (Fo) such as pack rat nests were used as indicators of relatively stable, low-energy conditions. In a few cases, organic sediments were transported by water instead of animals and may indicate flooding events, or forest fire and erosion events above the caves. 

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