Packing disorder

Snetivy D and Vancso G J 1994 Atomic force microscopy of polymer crystals 7. Chain packing, disorder and imaging of methyl groups in oriented isotactic polypropylene Po/yme/ 35 461... 

Figure 25. Experimental and computed 1 U) curves. (A) The experimentally measured I U) curves from an array of 7nm Ag nanoparticles with a 7% size distribution and D/2R =1.1. (B) The calculated I(U) curves computed for an array of 8911 dots with 7% fluctuation in size and 7% packing disorder. 2R = lum and the compression level, Dj2R = 1.1. (Reprinted with permission from Ref [57], 2003, American Chemical Society.)...

The columnar phases of oligobenzoate Hekates are most probably formed from -shaped conformers which pack disordered in hexagonal columnar phases and for symmetric mesogens they can tilt and aggregate in highly ordered helical arrangements to form the 3D columnar structures (see Fig. 10a, b). Indications... 

L-valyl-L-phenylalanine-2-propanol (1/1) and L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine-2-propanol (1/1) (P-form), Acta Cryst. C55, 2171-2177 d) Gorbitz, C. H. and Torgersen, E. (1999) Symmetry, pseudosymmetry and packing disorder in the alcohol solvates of L-leucyl-L-valine Acta Cryst. B55, 104-113 e) Mitra, S. N., Govindasamy, L. and Subramanian, E. (1996) L-Leucyl-L-alanine dimethyl sulfoxide solvate, Acta Cryst. C52, 2871-2873. 

Takahashi Y (1983) Packing disorder in form II of poly(vinylidene fluoride) influence of elongation and annealing temperature. Polymer J. 15 733... 

Figure 5.65 /(V) characteristics of an array of fluctuation and packing disorder. Reprintedwith...

Pouget et al. [55] have compared the structural characteristics of POT-CSA with PANI-CSA as obtained from the X-ray powder patterns. They emphasize that polymer chain packing, disorder and interchain separation have a key influence on the charge conduction process. The degradation of metallic properties from PANI-CSA to POT-CSA can be ascribed to the enhancement of disorder and to a large increase in the interlayer separation due to the presence of bulky -CH3 groups. 

To measure the deformation inside the sample simultaneous to a nano-indention experiment (Fig. 10), we used fluorescently labelled PMMA colloids (1.6 p,m diameter). The eolloids were first dried from a stable dispersion to form a densely packed, disordered, and amorphous colloidal film. For a good matching of the refractive index, the colloidal film was thereafter infiltrated with an index-matching non-solvent for the colloids. From 3D images that were taken while indenting the sample with a sphere (25 p,m diameter), the trajectories of all colloids in the observed volnme could be determined [75]. 

Moreover, even in the case of regular constitution, configuration, and conformation, disorder may be present in the crystals because of the presence of defects in the mode of packing. Disorder in the packing may occur while some structural feature, for instance, some atoms or the axes of helical macromolecules, maintain periodic positions [137], The degree of disorder in the... 

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