Packaging short-term

Nearly all the expanded polystyrene that is not used for thermal insulation is used for packaging. Uses range from individually designed box interiors for packing delicate equipment such as cameras and electronic equipment, thermoformed egg-boxes to individual beads (which may be up to 5 cm long and about 1 cm in diameter) for use as a loose fill material. There is also some use of thin-wall containers for short-term packaging and conveying of hot food from... 

This stability is important to plastics longterm performance. However, for some applications only short-term performance is desired before the product is discarded, as in the fast-food and packaging markets. In such cases it is considered advantageous for discarded plastic to degrade when exposed to microbes. There thus exists a requirement to develop or modify plastics possessing the properties required for their service life, but with the capability of degrading in a timely... 

Plans exist to test other materials to examine further potential on other non-packaging feed supplies. This might extend the limits of this specification. It is said that the process would tolerate short-term excursions of higher chlorine content, e.g., 5% wt Cl. 

Pure paper-based data collection systems are most suitable for small and short-term studies. Their advantages are that no computer hardware or software is needed at the participating sites because data are recorded manually on paper forms that are transferred to the centralized location in batches. A major drawback is that participating sites do not have real-time access to their data because no database is created locally. However, both hardware and software are needed at the centralized location for the data management system. The type of hardware and software used is determined by the configuration of the centralized computer. The most commonly used platforms include Open VMS, Unix, or PC, and one of the most widely used software packages is SAS [16]. 

LSMBSs are designed so that the types of data to be collected meet particular objectives regarding how the data will be used. For example, the number of exemplars collected in the LSMBS will depend on the use planned for the study results. Thus, if the levels of plasticizer in packaged foods will be determined to address an acute (i.e., short-term) dietary exposure and risk concern, the sample size (i.e., number of food packages to be collected) must be adequate to support the higher percentiles... 

Recently, there has been an issue with the detection of 4-methylbenzophe-none (MBP) in breakfast cereal in Europe, leading to publicity concerning the presence of this photoinitiator in the food. Based on the close similarity between MBP and benzophenone, a photoinitiator for inks and coatings that are cured with UV light, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has concluded that short-term consumption of breakfast cereals containing ppm traces of MBP should not pose a risk to most people, but recommended that this substance undergo more detailed evaluation if it will continue to be used in food packaging. ... 

The reality is that the FDA does not generally track annual due dates at all, and the failure to file would not result in any short-term warning or action. At a later date, of course, when the complete document package is reviewed, a missing annual report will raise a red flag. But the responsibility to track and file annual reports rests solely with the submitting organization. 

A major weakness of a short-term (24 hour survey) is that it may depend upon the day of the week, when the survey was conducted. For example, in some European countries the diet on a Friday would consist of more fish than any other day and consequently this would impact on the packaging and the potential migrants present. Another issue is the season of the year and when the consumption surveys were conducted. Seasonal foods, particularly in Southern Europe, may have very large differences in consumption and out of season only the preserved or frozen seasonal foods may be consumed in contrast to the fresh ones, which may have been consumed in season. This will impact the packaging of the foodstuff significantly. 

The available steroids vary in their ability to suppress the inflammatory response.Table 12-2 shows the approximate equivalent doses of systemic steroids in current use. Methylprednisolone is commercially available in a package for programmed delivery of oral steroid tapered over 6 days of therapy.This formulation (Medrol DosePak) is highly convenient for short-term treatment and helps to ensure patient compliance in the tapering schedule. 

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