Oxygen Oxygenation

Oxidant Oxygen Oxygen Oxygen Oxygen Oxygen... 

Spohr provides a detailed discussion of the water pair correlation function at the water/Pt(100) interface." His results are shown in Fig. 3 for the oxygen-oxygen, oxygen-hydrogen and hydrogen-hydrogen pair correlations when one of the reference atoms is in either the first or the second layer, but otherwise a complete averaging over the locations and orientations of the other atom has been performed. The pair correlations... 

Fig. 13. Intermolecular oxygen-oxygen, oxygen-hydrogen, and hydrogen-hydrogen distance distribution functions with the reference atom in the first layer (full lines) and second layer (dashed lines) near the Pt(lOO) surface.

Transport Oxygen Oxygen Oxygen <15 min Aeration Oxygen Oxygen 35 L ... 

Anions of Oxygen. Oxygen is treated in the same manner as other ligands with the number of -oxo groups indicated by a suffix for example, SO, trioxosulfate. 

Oxygen. Oxygen does not react directly with fluorine under ordinary conditions, although ia addition to oxygen difluoride, three other oxygen fluorides are known (29). Dioxygen difluoride [7783-44-0] 2 2 difluoride [16829-28-0] 3 2 tetraoxygen difluoride [12020-93-8] 4 2 ... 

Oxygenates. Oxygenated materials have been considered for addition to diesel fuels for the same reasons these compounds ate added to... 

Depending on the peroxide class, the rates of decomposition of organic peroxides can be enhanced by specific promoters or activators, which significantly decrease the energy necessary to break the oxygen—oxygen bond. Such accelerated decompositions occur well below the peroxides normal appHcation temperatures and usually result in generation of only one usehil radical, instead of two. An example is the decomposition of hydroperoxides with multivalent metals (M), commonly iron, cobalt, or vanadium ... 

Diacyl Peroxides. Table 3 Hsts several commercial diacyl peroxides and their corresponding 10-h half-hfe temperatures, deterrnined in benzene and other solvents (32). Although diacyl peroxides cleave at the oxygen—oxygen bond, decarboxylation can occur, either simultaneously or subsequentiy (eq. 22) ... 

The extent of decarboxylation primarily depends on temperature, pressure, and the stabihty of the incipient R- radical. The more stable the R- radical, the faster and more extensive the decarboxylation. With many diacyl peroxides, decarboxylation and oxygen—oxygen bond scission occur simultaneously in the transition state. Acyloxy radicals are known to form initially only from diacetyl peroxide and from dibenzoyl peroxides (because of the relative instabihties of the corresponding methyl and phenyl radicals formed upon decarboxylation). Diacyl peroxides derived from non-a-branched carboxyhc acids, eg, dilauroyl peroxide, may also initially form acyloxy radical pairs however, these acyloxy radicals decarboxylate very rapidly and the initiating radicals are expected to be alkyl radicals. Diacyl peroxides are also susceptible to induced decompositions ... 

Diperoxyketals. Some commercially available di(/ f2 -alkylperoxy)ketals and their corresponding 10-h half-life temperatures (deterrnined in dodecane) are hsted in Table 5 (39). Diperoxyketals thermally decompose by cleavage of only one oxygen—oxygen bond initially, usually foUowed by P-scission of the resulting alkoxy radicals (40). For acychc diperoxyketals, P-scission produces an alkyl radical and a peroxyester. 

Diall l Peroxides. Some commercially available diaLkyl peroxides and their corresponding 10-h half-life temperatures in dodecane are Hsted in Table 6 (44). DiaLkyl peroxides initially cleave at the oxygen—oxygen bond to generate alkoxy radical pairs ... 

Eurther reactions of the alkylperoxy radical (ROO-) depend on the environment but generally cause generation of other radicals that can attack undecomposed hydrosend peroxide, thus perpetuating the induced decomposition chain. Radicals also can attack undecomposed peroxide by radical displacement on the oxygen—oxygen bond ... 

Ozone Generation from Oxygen. Oxygen is dissociated iato atoms by iaelastic coUisions with energetic electrons (6—7 eV) (89,90). 

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