Oxygen-exchange between

Bromyl fluoride is also produced by fluorine-oxygen exchange between BrPs and oxoiodine compounds (p. 881), e.g. ... 

Shimomura, O., and Johnson, F. FI. (1975a). Influence of buffer system and pH on the amount of oxygen exchanged between solvent F420 and the C02 produced in the aerobic oxidation of Cypridina luciferin catalyzed by Cypridina luciferase. Anal. Biochem. 64 601-605. 

Scheme 22 summarizes the mechanism proposed. As in the case of oxygen exchange between MeRe03 and H20, the proposed intermediate was not detected. Examples of analogous intermediates that carry out the hydrolysis of imines and the aminolysis of ketones are well documented (64-66). 

A particularly important reaction of is oxygen exchange between and 1 0, a reaction which has for many years... 

N-labelling has been used to aid the investigation of the mechanisms of isomerization no oxygen exchange between the NO and N02 ligands was observed. " ... 

DiSpirito, A. A., and Hooper, A. B. (1986). Oxygen exchange between nitrate molecules during nitrite oxidation by Nitrobacter. J. Biol. Chem. 261, 10534-10537. 

The oxygen exchange between molybdates and water can be very rapid as appears from the work of Novakova and Jiru [238], The authors suggest that this exchange might interfere with the 1802 oxidation studies. However, as water is not actively participating in the oxidation process, its influence is probably of minor importance [353]. 

Bender104 found that when ethyl benzoate, labelled with excess, sO in the carbonyl group, is hydrolyzed at 99°C in isotopically normal aqueous 1 M acid, oxygen exchange between the unreacted ester and the solvent takes place, and the enrichment of the remaining ester decreases steadily as hydrolysis proceeds. This is precisely the result expected if hydrolysis involves a full intermediate and the addition elimination mechanism receives further support from the observation that hydrolysis and exchange proceed at similar rates, with a constant ratio, Arhyd/)tex of 5.2 for ethylbenzoate. The reaction can thus be written as... 

This mechanism differs from the commonly accepted two-route mechanism in steps (5) and (6) which account for oxygen exchange between surface and bulk. During step (6) an unreactive surface compound of oxygen is formed. 

To confirm the absence of appreciable isotopic interference by oxygen exchange between the H2O and either the H2O2 or the O2, before, during, or after the oxidation reactions, the reaction was carried out in the presence of three different water supplies of various 61BO. The results in Figure 1 show that the 5lsO of the CO2 product was unaffected by the 180 of the water solvent. 

When comparing the rate of this reaction with the rate of nitration of aromatic compounds with nitric acid of various concentrations, Bunton and Halevi [93] came to the conclusion that the oxygen exchange between nitric acid and water proceeded faster than the nitration reaction. It was only for high concentrations of HN03 and for readily nitrated compounds that the values of the rates of both the reactions were of the same order. 

Hashimoto S, Nakajima R, Yamazaki I et al (1986) Oxygen-exchange between the Fe(IV)= O-Heme and bulk water for the A2 isozyme of horseradish-peroxidase. FEBS Lett 208 305-307... 

Hashimoto S, Tatsuno Y, Kitagawa T (1986) Resonance Raman evidence for oxygen exchange between the FeIV=0 Heme and bulk water during enzymic catalysis of horseradish peroxidase and its relation with the heme-linked ionization. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 83 2417-2421... 

Nitrosation reactions, in which a N r 0 group replaces a hydrogen, are of importance both in inorganic and organic chemistry. The simplest is the nitrosation of water, which results merely in oxygen exchange between ITO and HN02 ... 

Oxygen exchange between hydrogen peroxide and nitrate ion probably involves nitrogen pentoxide, with formation of pernitric acid HOO.NO2. 

Casey WH, Phillips BL (2000) The kinetics of oxygen exchange between sites in the Ga04Ali2(0H)24(H20)i2 (aq) molecule and aqueous solution. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 65 705-714 Casey WH, Phillips BL, Nordin JP, Sullivan DJ (1998) The rates of exchange of water molecules from Al(III)-methylmalonate complexes The effect of chelate ring size. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 62 2789-2797... 

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