Oxygen-dependent genes

List of Abbreviations HIF, hypoxia-inducible factor HREs, hypoxia response elements Hsps, heat-shock proteins iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase NE, noradrenabne ODG, oxygen-dependent genes ROS, reactive oxygen species TH, tyrosine hydroxylase... 

Nikinmaa M, Rees BB. 2005. Oxygen-dependent gene expression in fishes. Am J Physiol Reg Integr Comp Physiol 288 R1079-R1090,... 

A. Effects of Hypoxia on Expression of Oxygen-Dependent Genes... 

Kietzmann T, Fandrey J, Acker H. Oxygen radicals as messengers in oxygen-dependent gene expression. News Physiol Sci 2000 15 202-208. 

Gassmann, M., J. Fandrey, S. Bichet et al. 1996. Oxygen supply and oxygen-dependent gene expression in differentiating embryonic stem cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93(7) 2867-72. 

Ethionamide (Trecator) is a derivative of isonicotinic acid and is chemically related to isoniazid. It is a secondary agent used in combination when primary agents are ineffective or contraindicated it is a bacteriostatic antituberculosis agent. Its exact mechanism of action is unknown but is believed to involve inhibition of oxygen-dependent mycolic acid synthesis. It is thought that mutations in the region of the (tnhA) gene that are involved in mycolic acid synthesis can cause both isoniazid and ethionamide resistance. 

Nettleton CJ, Bull C, Baldwin TO, Fee JA. (1984). Isolation of the Escherichia coli iron superoxide dismutase gene Evidence that intracellular superoxide concentration does not regulate oxygen-dependent synthesis of the manganese superoxide dismutase. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 81 4970-4973. 

Both NO and CO may affect (and be involved in) oxygen-dependent phenomena. Accordingly, in vitro experiments have demonstrated that elevated levels of NO or CO can diminish effects of hypoxia on gene transcription. These molecules both activated the internal oxygen-dependent degradation domain and repressed the C-terminal transactivation domain of HIF resulting in less HIF-la that can bind to DNA (Huang et al., 1999). On the other hand, in vivo experiments have demonstrated that NO is one of the modulators of the hypoxic ventilatory response mediated by the rostral mediolateral medulla (de Paula and Branco, 2003). It is not clear at present, whether different cell types respond in a different manner. 

Oxygen-Dependent and Xenobiotically Induced Gene Expression Pathways... 

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