Oxygen analysers

IChemE. 1983. Guide Notes on the Safe Application of Oxygen Analysers. The Institution of Chemical Engineers, Rugby, Warwickshire. 

This is the most accurate method of measuring the mass transfer coefficient and it can be used in the actual fermentation system. It depends on accurate oxygen analyses and... 

Numerous commercial oxygen analysers are available, based on the principle of the Hersch cell, but all being protected from the analyte medium, either gaseous or liquid, by means of a membrane (usually Teflon). This membrane detector is known as the Clark cell (see later under membranes as measurement aids, p. 352) for gas analysis we may mention the Beckman Models 715 (also for liquids), 741, 743 (for flue gas), 755 and 778119. 

Attempts to get C and H analyses by combustion of the ozonides of 2-butene, 2-pentene and 2-hexene caused violent explosions, though oxygen analyses were uneventful. 

Fig. 6.49. Zirconia oxygen-analyser (a) details of typical analyser (b) analyser used in the extractive mode for measuring the oxygen concentration in flue gas...

Fig. 6.S8. Dumbell-type paramagnetic oxygen analyser (a) arrangement of dumbell and magnetic poles (b) principle of operation...

Potential in Analytical Chemistry. The method has already found applications in radiation chemistry. In addition to the oxygen analyses herein reported, hydrogen peroxide generated by intense 15 m.e.v. electron pulses has been measured from the decay of e aq by subsequent low intensity x-ray pulses. 

Diazinon, Parathion, Malathion, Fenthion and oxygen analyses and hydrolysis products Reoplex- 400 Electron capture flame ionisation [450]... 

Figure 6.7 Oxygen analyser for gassy coal mines (Group I). Continuous monitoring of the oxygen content in air (e.g. behind fire dams, in panel entries, in gangways). Type of protection EEx ia I Certificate BVS 90.B.1136 Measuring range 0-25% (v/v) 02 Power supply 8... 16.5 V, max. 65 mA Outputs (0-25% (v/v) 02) Analogue output 10-100 mV Frequency shift output 6-15 cps.

General. The ozonation procedures are those described in the literature, both using ozone-oxygen and ozone-nitrogen. Oxygen analyses... 

Oxygen analyses by difference in the presence of large ash residues are subfect to large errors, and in general O (diff) values are subject to the sumos of errors from all of the contributing analyses. 

In a number of surveys, Lovell (1979), Lovell and Hale (1983) and Lovell et al. (1979, 1983) used a Taylor Servomex DA272 oxygen analyser and a Lab-Line 2245 carbon dioxide analyser. These instruments were connected in series and samples of soil air from a probe driven about 1 m into the ground were introduced by means of a hand pump. 

Fig. 14-3. Determination of oxygen concentration using its paramagnetic properties (a) principle of the Pauling cell (b) analytical cell of Taylor Servomex OA272 oxygen analyser.

Millions of compounds are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Analyses for C and H can be performed in a C-H combustion system (Figure 2-10). An accurately... 

Danowska, B., Drgas, N., Eysiak-Pastuszak, E., Piechowska, B., 2000. Elements of quality assurance system in nutrient and dissolved oxygen analyses. Oceanological Studies, 4, 15-25. 

The carbon, hydrogen, oxygen analyses obtained Indicate that the polymer is approximately a 90% styrene/10% maleic anhydride copolymer wherein theoretical values for C, H and 0 are 87.98%, 6.92% and 4.89% versus values of 87.79%, 7.05%, and 4.81% found for C, H and 0, respectively. This conclusion is further supported by the solubility parameter of the copolymer which was found to be equal to 9.65 H. 

The Infrared spectrum of the SMA copolymer labeled SMA-2, is consistent with other SMA copolymer spectra published (33). However, the absorption peaks in the range of 1700 - 1820 cm indicate that this copolymer has been partially esterified to yield a half/acid ester of maleic anhydride which should exhibit peaks in the range of 1700 - 1725 cm"l and 1735 -1750 cm (Figure 3). The small absorption bands at 1780 and 1820 cm indicate the presence of a small amount of unreacted maleic anhydride. These data appear to be consistent for those of a styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer reported by Muskat (34). The carbon, hydrogen, oxygen analyses indicate that this polymer is a half/acid ester of a 90% styrene/10% maleic anhydride copolymer wherein theoretical values of C, H and 0 are 88.89%, 7.017. and 2.58% versus values of 89.14%, 7.68% and 2.81% found for C, H and 0, respectively. The solubility parameter was found to be equal to 9.47 H. 

Fig. 16.6 System for conditioning of coke oven gas. On the left are depicted the hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and oxygen analysers.

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