Oxyacids nitric acid

Oxyacids nitric acid, HNO3, sulfuric acid, H2SO other acids with the general formula HaXbOe... 

Nitric acid is the only oxyacid of nitrogen which is at all stable in the free condition. The kinetics of its decomposition are discussed below. Nitrous acid exists in the gas phase, although it cannot be isolated. Information on the kinetics of its decomposition is restricted to an estimate103 of the half-life of the forward reaction in the rapid gas-phase equilibrium... 

Concentrated nitric acid oxidizes nonmetals, such as sulfur, phosphorus, and iodine forming their oxyacids with liberation of nitric oxide. For example, cold concentrated nitric acid reacts with sulfur to form sulfuric acid ... 

Oxides and oxyacids of Cr(VI) are powerful oxidants. The oxidative power of chromic acid is comparable to that of nitric acid. Chromic esters have been proposed as intermediates in these oxidations, thus isopropyl chromate has been isolated and converted into acetone by pyridine-catalyzed elimination in benzene solution [Eq. (2)]. Decomposition of the chromate ester involves removal of the proton attached to the... 

Since it has generally been shown that oxyacids aid in removing interferences in flameless atomic absorption, it is recommended that all samples and standards are prepared in 1% nitric acid prior to flameless analysis. 

Because the name of an oxyacid depends on the oxyanion present in the acid, you must first identify the anion present. The name of an oxyacid consists of a form of the root of the anion, a suffix, and the word acid. If the anion suffix is -ate, it is replaced with the suffix -ic. When the anion ends in -ite, the suffix is replaced with -ous. Consider the oxyacid HNO3. Its oxyanion is nitrate (NO3 ). Following this rule, HNO3 is named nitric acid. The anion of HNO2 is the nitrite ion (NO2 ). HNO2 is nitrous acid. Notice that the hydrogen in an oxyacid is not part of the name. 

Alcohols react with common inorganic oxyacids to produce inorganic esters. For instance, nitric acid reacts with alcohols to produce nitrates by substitution of nitrate, —ONO2, for hydroxyl, —OH. 

Oxyacids (often called oxoacids) are molecular substances that have the general formula H XbOc. In other words, they contain hydrogen, oxygen, and one other element represented by X the a, b, and c represent subscripts. The most common oxyacids in the chemical laboratory are nitric acid, HNO3, and sulfuric acid, H2SO4. 

Oxyacid (Section 5.2) HaXbOe HNO3 or FF2S04 or FF3P04 (root)ic acid nitric acid or sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid... 

Identify the following substances as composed of polar molecules water, H2O ammonia, NH3 oxyacids (such as nitric acid, HNO3) hydrogen halides (HF, HCl, HBr, and HI) methanol, CH3OH and ethanol, C2H5OH. 

Nitrous and nitric acids are produced in the aqueous phase after NO2 and/or N2O3 are absorbed into solution and sulfur oxyacids, such as sulfite/bisulfite or pyrosulfite, are formed if SO2 dissolves in the solution. Interaction among oxides of nitrogen, nitrogen oxyacids, sulfur oxyacids, oxygen, and trace metal ions such as Fe(III) or Mn(II) can take place in a flue gas wet scrubber. Identifying all reactions involved in this complex system is impossible. However, important reactions must be identified and characterized in order to improve the performance of a scrubber. 

The following rules explain the naming of nitric acid (FINO3), an oxyacid. 

Nitric acid. Hot concentrated nitric acid is a very powerful reagent, and is especially useful for making the higher oxides and oxyacids of the nonmetals ... 

This preparation illustrates a general method for making an oxyacid of a nonmetal or pseudo metal, that is, the oxidation of the element or its lower oxide by concentrated nitric acid. The element arsenic could be used to make arsenic acid, but arsenious oxide is more readily available and will be used instead. 

The two common oxyacids of nitrogen are nitric acid (HNO3) and nitrous acid (HNO2) ( FIGURE 22.26). Nitric acid is a strong acid. It is also a powerful oxidizing agent, as indicated by the standard reduction potential in the reaction... 

Nitric acid is a strong oxidizing agent. Most metals are converted to their nitrates with the evolution of oxides of nitrogen (the composition of the mixture of the oxides depends on the temperature and on the concentration of the nitric acid used). Some nonmetals (e.g. sulfur and phosphorus) react to produce oxyacids. 

An acid that contains oxygen in addition to hydrogen and another nonmetal is an oxy-acid. When hydrogen ions are removed from an oxyacid, the oxygen stays with the nonmetal as part of an oxyanion. The ionization of nitric acid, HNO3, shows this ... 

An oxyacid should be named as an acid, not as an ionic compound. For example, HNO3 is nitric acid, not hydrogen nitrate. 

An oxyacid is an acid that is a compound of hydrogen, oxygen, and a third element, usually a nonmetal. Nitric acid, HNOg, is an oxyacid. The structures of two other oxyacids are shown in Figure 1.4. Oxyacids are one class of ternary acids, which are acids that contain three different elements. 

The Lunge nitrometer provides a simple and very useful means for controlling nitrations carried out in concentrated sulfuric acid solution. Its usefulness for the determination of the oxyacids of nitrogen, especially nitric and nitrous acids, depends on the fact that these acids (and their salts and esters) are quantitatively and rapidly reduced to NO by metallic mercury in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid, even at ordinary temperatures, according to the reaction ... 

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