Oxidation-reduction reactions single-replacement

Redox reactions are not limited to single replacement reactions. They really describe a wide variety of reactions, but each shares the common theme of involving an oxidation and a reduction. An oxidation occurs when a substance loses electrons and becomes more positively charged. Earlier in the book we discussed a similar phenomenon in the formation of ionic compounds. Substances don t just lose electrons for no reason. They lose electrons because another substance takes them. When a substance acquires additional electrons and becomes more negatively charged, it is called a reduction. An oxidation cannot take place without a reduction, so these processes must occur simultaneously. These reactions describe the simultaneous oxidation and reduction of materials, which has earned them the name oxidation-reduction reactions. 

An oxidation-reduction reaction is one in which electrons are transferred from one reactant to another. They are often called redox reactions for short. Oxidation is the loss of one or more electrons by a species. The species losing electrons is oxidized. Reduction is the gain of one or more electrons by a species, and that species is reduced. Oxidation and reduction always occur simultaneously. The single-displacement reaction of copper metal with silver nitrate solution is both a single replacement reaction and an oxidation-reduction reaction. 

Many elements are capable of replacing ions of other elements in aqueous solution. This is one kind of oxidation-reduction reaction, or redox reaction. The equation for such a reaction looks as if one element is replacing another in a compound. It is a single-replacement equation. These reactions are sometimes called singlereplacement reactions. The general equation is... 

Chapter 7, Chemical Quantities and Reactions, introduces moles and molar masses of compounds, which are used in calculations to determine the mass or number of particles in a given quantity. Students leam to balance chemical equations and to recognize the types of chemical reactions combination, decomposition, single replacement, double replacement, and combustion reactions. Section 7.5 discusses Oxidation-Reduction Reactions using real-life examples, including biological reactions. Section... 

These reactions are part of a larger category of reactions known as redox reactions (redox is short for oxidation-reduction). Sometimes these are called displacement reactions. These are chemical reactions in which atoms of one element replace the atoms of a second element in a compound. A general equation for a single-replacement reaction involving a metal (A), replacing a metallic cation in solution (B) is ... 

Chemical reactions, whether they involve the formation of precipitate, reaction with oxygen, acids and bases, or oxidation-reduction, generally follow one of a few simple patterns combination, decomposition, and single- or double- replacement. Recognizing the underl)dng pattern will improve your ability to write and understand chemical reactions. 

Single-Replacement Oxidation-Reduction (Redox) Reactions... 

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