Overload recovery

Pulse processor (amplifier) ADC Count rate Pulse width pile-up overload recovery 2 to 100 4 X 10 to 2 X 10 ... 

To study the effects of iron overloading on inflammatory cells, Muntane et al. [186] investigated the effect of iron dcxtran administration on the acute and chronic phases of carrageenan-induced glanuloma. It was found that iron dcxtran increased the iron content in plasma and stores, and enhanced lipid peroxidation and superoxide production by inflammatory cells. At the same time, iron dcxtran had a beneficial effect on recovery from the anemia of inflammation. It has been suggested that iron overload may affect nitric oxide production in animals. For example, alveolar macrophages from iron-overloaded rats stimulated with LPS or interferon-7 diminished NO release compared to normal rats [187]. 

Loop diuretics have not been shown to accelerate ARF recovery or improve patient outcome however, diuretics can facilitate management of fluid overload. The most effective diuretics are mannitol and loop diuretics. 

Recovery is performance fuUy restored after overload ... 

FIGURE 10.22 Optimum separations for isocratic overloaded elution for the purification of the less retained component. The production rate (left) and the product of the production rate and the recovery yield (right) were maximized, respectively, a=1.2 k=2 C = C = lOOmg/mL. (Reproduced from Felinger, A. and Guiochon, G., J. Chromatogr. A, 752, 31, 1996. With permission from Elsevier.)... 

Gordeuk. V. et at F.ffect ol Irnn Chelation Therapy oil Recovery front Deep Coma in Children until Cerebral Malaria.", V, Eng.. 1. Med. 14711 November 19, 19921. Gordeuk. V.. et al. Iron Overload in Alrieti — Interaction between a Gene and Dietary Iron Content.", V. Eng. J. Med., 95 tJanuarx 9, 1992 t. 

In cases where mass transfer is rapid, as is the case with most small molecule separations, then isocratic elution can offer advantages such as automatic fraction reprocessing and solvent recycle. However, with larger synthetic objectives the rate of mass transfer is comparatively low so isocratic elution leads to band broadening and subsequently to recovery of the peptide at high dilution. Most preparative HPLC based peptide separations are carried out under gradient and overload conditions that allow for maximum throughput in terms of time and quantity. 

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