Over, Herbert

Over the next few years, Townes, with the help of graduate students Herbert Zeiger and Janies Gordon, calculated the precise size of the necessaiy cavity and built a device that used ammonia as an active medium. Success came in 1954 with the completion of the first maser, an acronym for microwave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. 

The fields of research of Herbert Budzikiewicz are mass spectrometry and natural products chemistry, in which he specialized in bacterial metabolites. He is the author of over 500 research publications and he authored and co-authored several books on mass spectrometry. In 2008, he received the Honor Medal of the German Mass Spectrometry Society. 

One of the authors (Y.T.) is especially grateful to Professor Herbert C. Brown for his leadership in this field and generous encouragement over 40 years, and to Professor John Leffier for introducing him to the field of the Leffler-Hammond approach to the transition-state structures. 

Liu, Z., Altabet, M., and Herbert, T. (2005). Glacial—interglacial modulation of eastern tropical North Pacific denitrification over the last 1.8-Myr. Geophys. Res. Lett. 32, 10.1029/2005GL024439. 

I thank Rick Carlson for the invitation to contribute to this volume. Also, I am very grateful to Rick Carlson, Rus Hemley, Guy Masters, Hugh O Neill, Herbert Palme, Bill Minarik and others for review comments on this manuscript and for the many discussions relating to core and mantle phenomena that we have had over the years. 

Nitrate and NO2 reduction are rather widespread in SO reducers (Keith and Herbert, 1983 McCready et al., 1983 Mitchell et al., 1986 Maumetal., 1997 Seitz and Cypionka, 1986), and in some cases NOj" is preferred over SO (Seitz and Cypionka, 1986). The bisulfite reductase enzyme in SO reducers displays some activity toward NO2, which partially explains the ubiquity of NO2 reduction. However, it appears that specific NO2 reductases are also present (Liu and Peck Jr., 1981). Unlike denitrifying bacteria that reduce NOj" to N2, the end product of NOj" reduction in SO reducers is NH4 (Widdel and... 

Herbert T. D. and Sarmiento J. L. (1991) Ocean nutrient distribution and oxygenation limits on the formation of warm saline bottom water over the past 91 m.y. Geology 19, 702-705. 

When testing for B 2 absorption by the gut, a test for hoitvTCIl and apo-TCII has an advantage over the S chilling test. The Schilling test uses pure vitamin Bx, as a component of the test protocol. Because of this, the Schilling test cannot detect defects in B]2 absorption due to the lack of stomach acid or the lack of activity of gastric enzymes. The TCII test is sensitive to the these problems, but also to the lack of intrinsic factor Herbert et al., 1990). 

Haber, in an act of human decency, resisted. He felt that less prominent scientists, being more vulnerable, deserved more protection, not less. Over the opposition of the Kaiser Wilhelm Society s general secretary, Haber chose to dismiss the institute s two most renowned scientists, Herbert Freundlich and Michael Polanyi. These were the scientists likely to have the greatest success finding positions abroad. (Polanyi already had an offer waiting from the University of Manchester, and Freundlich quickly landed a position at University College in London.)... 

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