Other aliphatic nitramines

After this, van Romburgh worked with aromatic nitramines while Franchimont(first alone and then with Klobbie and van Erp) studied aliphatic nitramines. Considerable work was done, beginning about 1890, in Germany and in Italy. In Istcf y 2r j ork on nit rain incs was conducted not only in Holland and Germany but in other countries as well. Great advances were made during and after WW II, particularly in the USA (where most of the work is stiii classified) in Canada(where many papers have been published in Canad jRes and JCS) and in Russia... 

The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to leave crude / ,/ -bis (cyanoethyl) nitramine, which after one recrystallization from methanol gave a product (3.3 grams, 62% yield) which melted at 55.5°-57.0°C. (literature value (2) 55.5°-56.8°C.). The other secondary aliphatic nitramines prepared, along with their yields and melting or boiling points are given in Table II. 

Most nitramines are fairly resistant to alkalis. Some of the primary amines, e.g. the simple aliphatic ones, are not susceptible to decomposition even under the influence of a hot, 20% solution of potassium hydroxide (van Erp [14]). On the other hand, Hantzsch and Metcalf [19] found that N-nitraminoacetic acid is decomposed by sodium hydroxide. According to Barrott, Gillibrand and Lamberton [20] most primary amines undergo decomposition on treatment with a solution containing 0.8-8% of NaOH at a temperature of 95°C. The reaction proceeds according to the formula ... 

The mixing of Group 1A radicals in a molecule may have effects other than those expected from additivity alone. For example, nitrates are acid sensitive and are also sensitive to strongly basic groups. Thus a molecule is immediately suspect if it contains a nitrate group and either (1) a primary nitramine, primary aliphatic nitro, phenolic OH, carboxyl or other acid group, or... 

All the preceding aliphatic explosives utilized the nitrate ester substituent as the oxidizer. The other most common oxidizer substituent in aliphatic explosives is nitramine, which is in the following pure explosives shown in Figures 3.30 through 3.35. 

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