Oriental texture, evaluation

Becker M, Scheel H, Christiansen C, Strunk HP (2007) Grain orientation, texture, and internal stress optically evaluated by micro-Raman spectroscopy. J Appl Phys 101 063531-1-06351-10... 

For the determination of the orientation distribution function it is necessary to record diffraction patterns successively by rotating the sample on a goniometer, as was shown in Section 12.1.4.2. The patterns must be measured in a large number of points (, y) scattered more or less uniformly on a hemisphere. It is difficult to evaluate beforehand how many such points are necessary for a reliable determination of the ODE. For a calcite sample previously used in a texture round robin Von Dreele recorded neutron time of flight diffraction patterns in about 50 points (T, y). All patterns were processed by GSAS simultaneously and six pole distributions calculated from the refined harmonic coefficients were further used as input in the WIMV inversion routine. An ODF similar to those obtained in the texture round robin resulted, but its dependence on the number of points in the space (T, y) was not examined. 

When investigating polycrystalline materials with disordered or partially ordered orientation, ring diagrams or texture diagrams respectively, are obtained. In these cases, there is sufficient conformity with the prediction of the kinematical theory. Therefore, the texture diagram is the most important type for structure analysis with electrons. Vainshtein, Pinsker and co-workers [2-7], as well as Cowley [8, 9] evaluated the basis, about 50 years ago, of the determination of crystal structure by means of electron diffraction. 

Microstructural evaluation of the composite films was accomplished using two different microscopy techniques POM and AFM. These two techniques gave information at different levels about the texture (morphology), uniformity and topography of the composites. Birefringence measurements and SALS gave complementary information about the degree of molecular orientation in the matrix and fiber orientation in the composites, respectively. 

NIRA was used for the analysis of the dyeabil-ity of textured PA6 carpet yarns (one quality type) with C.I. Blue 127 1 and luminosity measurements of partially oriented polyester-yarns [316]. NIR diffuse reflectance spectroscopy has been used to investigate dye uptake potential of PET fibres [326]. NIRS has been used for evaluating colour deviations in different production batches of the acid dye Tec-tilon Red 2B [327]. If an adequate number of samples are available to generate robust regression models, then NIRS can be used as a QC tool to evaluate the dye using only drying and grinding for NIRS sample preparation. 

The texture and various physical and chemical characteristics of the obtained mineral foams are evaluated analyzing SEM micrographs and pictures taken with a CCD camera connectivity of the bubbles, conditions of crystallization and orientation of the mineral matrix crystals. 

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