Organoboron cross-coupling partners

Recent Developments in Organoboron Cross-Coupling Partners... 

The Suzuki Coupling, which is the palladium-catalysed cross coupling between organoboronic acid and halides. Recent catalyst and methods developments have broadened the possible applications enormously, so that the scope of the reaction partners is not restricted to aryls, but includes alkyls, alkenyls and alkynyls. Potassium trifluoroborates and organoboranes or boronate esters may be used in place of boronic acids. Some pseudohalides (for example triflates) may also be used as coupling partners. 

Silicon, an element widely used in many facets of organic chemistry [7], was not effectively employed in cross-coupling reactions until 16 years after the first reported transition-metal-catalyzed coupling reactions by Corriu, Kumada, and Tamao [8], Most early developments in this field were achieved by the use of organoboron (1979) [9], organozinc (1977) [10], and organotin (1977) [11] coupling partners (Scheme 7.1). 

The Suzuki-Miyaura reaction involves the palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling between organoboron compounds and halides. In most cases, aryl halides are used as electrophiles, but recent developments have broadened the scope and alkyl, alkenyl, and alkynyl halides can be successfully used as reaction partners. Among C—C coupling reactions, Suzuki-Miyaura reaction has become one of the most appealing because the reactants are air stable, nontoxic and tolerant of a variety of functional groups. 

---