Organic Amines and Amino-acids

Until recently this has been a minor topic, with a small use of organic amines to treat clays and related materials. The growing interest in the use of organo-clays as nanofillers is creating what may become a significant market opportunity for this type of modifier. More details will be found in Chapter 10. 

It can be seen that modification of filler snrfaces both to aid processing and improve composite properties is an important and active area of research. While there are a considerable number of treatments proposed, they all follow the principle of a filler surface reactive group linked to an organic backbone, which may carry further functionality. The main variation is in the group used to achieve surface reaction. As we have seen this may be an acid or acid precursor, an aluminate, borate, phosphate, silane, titanate or zirconate. 

Ishida and T.L. Koenie, Journal of Polymer Science Polymer Physics Edition, 1979,17, 10, 1807. 

Gilbert, I. Sutherland and A. Guest, Proceedings ofPilplas 92, Manchester, UK, 1992, Paper No.4. 

Rothon, G.C. Lees and Z. Iqhal, Journal of Adhesion Science 

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