Organic amine cations

Soaps of heavy metals have been used but cationic surface-active agents have proved more suitable, notably organic amines of relatively high molecular weight. 

Thin self-supporting clay films (appropriate for IR measurement) readily take up organic amines such as cyclohexylamine with displacement of the major fraction of the intercalated water. For the Ua -exchanged sample the majority of the amine is present in the unprotonated form - there being insufficient Bronsted acidity generated by the interlayer cation. When Al + is the exchangeable cation, however, a major fraction of the intercalated amine becomes protonated (see Figure 2). 

Notes. (1)Tpypor = tetrapyridlporphyrin pipz = piperazine H5hpdta = 2-hydroxypropane-1,3-di-amine-A/,A/,A/, /V"-tetraaceticacid organic polyammonium cation = tris[2-(trimethylammonium)ethyl]-1,3,5-benzenetricar-boxylate 1,3,5-tris[4-(A/,A/,A/-trimethylammoniumethylcarboxyl)phenyl]benzene DODA = dimethyl dioctade-cylammonium. 

As already stated, most anions, organic acids, cations, or aliphatic amines of interest, but not all, are characterized by poor UV absorption. 

Existing commercial CE instruments are able to analyze anions, organic acids, cations, and amines that do not absorb in the UV by using indirect UV or C D conductivity detection. 

There is no evidence for ground state charge-transfer complex formation between stilbenes and neutral amines. Amine cations and dications are powerful electron acceptors and can form ground state complexes in which t-1 serves as the electron donor. Complex formation between t-1 and the organic dication methyl viologen is responsible for quenching of the fluorescence of surfactant stilbenes in organized assemblies (112). 

To this end, we have designed a new range of salts [AH][H2POJ (17). combining a cation derived from an organic amine (e.g. A = benzylamine,... 

Much effort has been devoted to characterizing the interaction of organic molecules with mineral surfaces. Adsorption of organic amines by clay minerals is one such system which has attracted considerable interest. In addition to concern about the subsurface fate and transport of amine-containing organic pollutants, there is fundamental interest in the ability of organic amines to influence the surface chemistry of layer silicates. Boyd et al. (1.2) have demonstrated recently that the presence of quaternary ammonium cations, such as the hexadedyltrimethyl-... 

The alkali metals can be dissolved in liquid ammonia, and also in other solvents such as ethers and organic amines. Solutions of the alkali metals (except Li) contain solvated M- anions as well as solvated M+ cations ... 

The free acids are insoluble in ether, although extremely soluble in water. Nearly all the salts are somewhat soluble in water, but insoluble in organic solvents. The anions precipitate alkaloids, organic amines, cesium, and cationic coordination complexes. 

Conventional IPC separations were achieved by adding organic amines and ammonium salts of varying chain lengths as cationic IPRs for anionic analytes and alkyl or aryl sulfonates and sulfates as anionic IPRs for cationic solutes. Since these IPRs exhibit good tensioactive properties, IPC was originally named soap chromatography [1]. 

Through the investigation of various synthetic conditions, the actions of non-aqueous solvents, organic amines and F cations for product crystallization are further clarified. Moreover, the probable reaction mechanisms for the formations of the compounds were estimated. These mechanisms need to be proved or corrected via further investigation. Additionally, with cations located at the interspaces of the structures, the compounds will probably have some ion-exchange properties, researches about which are now in progress. 

Stable colloids of nanometer-sized lamellar manganese oxides have been prepared by intercalation and self-assembly direct reduction methods. The structures, particle sizes, and optical properties of the materials have been described. Organic amine/ammonium species (TAA and DA) were used to intercalate birnessite H-OL-1 to prepare TAA-OL-1. Many kinds of structures and their formation processes were also described. The effects of organic ammonium cations and organic amines on the preparation of the manganese oxides were studied systematically. 

During the last few years, many attempts have been made to design specific syntheses of fluorine compoimds with, for instance, oligomeric anions, linear chain anions, layer structures, or framework structures using organic amines as templates, which serve mostly, after protonation, at the same time as counter cations (see Refs. 5,17,18, or for oxyftuorides with open framework structures Ref 19). 

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