Organ system toxicity heart

The majority of oral and inhalation studies for selected organic manganese compounds (MMT, maneb and mancozeb) in humans and animals indicate that these compounds do not cause significant injury to heart, stomach, blood, muscle, bone, skin or eyes. Injection studies in humans using mangafodipir at clinical doses show that the compound does not have significant systemic toxicity. At increased doses in animals, the compound does not cause significant injury to blood, muscle, bone, skin or eyes. 

The CNS is involved in systemic toxicity most frequently because many compounds with prominent effects elsewhere also affect the brain. Next in order of frequency of involvement in systemic toxicity are the heart and circulatory system the blood and hematopoietic system visceral organs such as liver, kidney, and lung and the skin. Muscle and bone are least often affected. With substances that have a predominantly local effect, the frequency of tissue reaction depends largely on the portal of entry (skin, GI tract, or respiratory tract). 

It is especially the affinity of the solvents for lipid-rich organs which triggers problems of acute toxicity and these concern primarily the nervous system, the heart, the liver and kidneys. In this acute toxicological process, the molecules act per se without any previous biotransformation. The acute toxicity encompasses ... 

FIGURE 45.10 "Human on a chip" in vitro human organ constructs (for heart, Hver, lung, and the circulatory system) in communication with each other used to assess effectiveness and toxicity of warfare agents that are relevant to humans (Human on a Chip, 2014). 

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