Ordered unit

Where kf is the rate constant for the exchange of an unspecified one of the four coordinated water molecules recalculated to second-order units [ is the first-order rate constant (s 1) for the exchange of a particular coordinated solvent molecule]. 

We now move onto a few so-called higher order or complex processes. We should remind ourselves that all linearized higher order systems can be broken down into simple first and second order units. Other so-called "complex" processes like two interacting tanks are just another math problem in coupled differential equations these problems are still linear. The following sections serve to underscore these points. 

Biogeochemical provinces are the third order units of biosphere. These are areas whose organisms exhibit permanent characteristic biological reactions to excesses or deficiencies of essential nutrients in the region s biogeochemical food webs. The typical forms of these reactions are endemic diseases. There are two types of biogeochemical provinces ... 

Water exchange rate = 560 s per coordination site recalculated to second-order units 4k, ,, /55 Water exchange rate for a particular coordination site. 

Fig. 13.3.2 Schematic preparation processes of ordered units and composite or encapsulated-type particles.

Plot of the cumulative frequency of craters versus crater diameter, for three geologic units on the Moon. Crater density measurements provide a means of ordering units in relative time. Modified from Neukum etal. (2001). 

Here wi and w2 are the positive elastic springs (wli2 > 0), qh 1=1, 2 is the symmetrized difference of the central displacements of the central atom and its nearest neighboring atoms, i denotes the row of the -representation, Qni are all the other displacements of the crystal, being orthogonal to q and q2,1 is the second-order unit matrix, configurational coordinates q and q2 can be expanded into the normal coordinates xn and x2j of the -representation as follows ... 

Ordered unit segregation occurs when there is a size difference between the carrier/excipient particles this leads to drug-rich areas (hot spots) in the mix. 

Overall reaction order Units of rate constant k Method to determine /cfor rate laws with one reactant... 

Figure 9.4. A view of the ordered unit-cell in the (001) plane of a Li2Al-LDH. A similar ordering can occur in M2+M3+-LDHs with an M2+/M3+ ratio of 2 if the trivalent...

Ordered mixing is a process in which particles are created that are a combination of two or more components of a blend. The ordered unit is the smallest entity that constitutes an ordered mixture. Below this size, it would only be possible to sample an incomplete unit or even a single ingredient. 

Mechanical ordering occurs as a result of particle-particle collisions between the drug substance and carrier particles as they are blended. The ordered units are formed without bonding forces, which causes them to be very unstable and susceptible to segregation during discharging from the blender and subsequent material handling steps. 

Adhesional ordering is based on the fine particles possessing intrinsic cohesional properties that allow them to adhere to larger carrier particles. Mechanical, Van der Waals, electrostatic, surface tensional, and capillary forces can all be responsible for the binding of particles in ordered units. To allow the formation of ordered units, the adhesional force between the drug and carrier must be greater than the cohesional force for either component. 

Biogeochemical provinces are the third order units of the biosphere. These are the different areas with the permanent characteristic biological reaction of organisms on... 

---