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Optimizing for Output

It is also important to realize that all functional zones of the extruder are interdependent. It makes little sense to drastically increase the pumping capacity if the melting rate is the real bottleneck in the process. Thus, before designing a new extruder screw to replace an existing screw, one should determine what part of the extruder is limiting the rate. This process will be covered in Chapter 11 on troubleshooting extruders. [Pg.519]


A gas turbine used in aircraft must be capable of handling a wide span of fuel and air flows because the thmst output, or pressure, covers the range from idle to full-powered takeoff. To accommodate this degree of flexibiUty in the combustor, fuel nozzles are usually designed with two streams (primary and secondary flow) or with alternate tows of nozzles that turn on only when secondary flow (or full thmst power) is needed. It is more difficult to vary the air streams to match the different fuel flows and, as a consequence, a combustor optimized for cmise conditions (most of the aircraft s operation) operates less efficiently at idle and full thmst. [Pg.413]

All of the geometry optimizations for acetyl radical produce similar structures. Here are the predicted spin densities (labeled Total atomic spin densities in the Gaussian output) ... [Pg.130]

The files are password- and write-protected only the numbers in the colored cells can be changed. The output was optimized for a screen with 800 X 600 resolution. In order that those who use higher resolutions can adapt the graphics to full-screen size, the password is here divulged smac. ... [Pg.394]

CMP processes for oxide planarization (ILD and STI) rely on slurry chemistry to hydrolyze and soften the Si02 surface. Mechanical abrasion then controls the actual material removal. Thus, the key process output control variables (i.e., removal rate and nonuniformity) are strong functions of the mechanical properties of the system, namely, the down force and the relative velocity between the pad and the wafer. Metal CMP processes such as copper CMP rely more on chemical oxidation and dissolution of the metal than mechanical abrasion to remove the metal overburden. Consequently, careful control of the chemistry of the CMP process is more important for these CMP processes than it is for oxide CMP. Thus, CMP tools and processes optimized for ILD may not be optimal for metal CMP and vice versa. [Pg.8]

For industrial fluid cracking units most of the modeling work in the literature is based upon a highly empirical approach that helps in building units and in operating them, but does not elucidate the main features and characteristics of the units in order to help improve the design and control of such units, or to optimize their output. [Pg.436]

The system efficiency is lower than the stack efficiency due to power requirements for auxiliary components and due to power conversion. A well-designed system should not use more than 10% of the fuel cell output power for auxiliary components. The efficiency of DC/DC or DC/AC converters is relatively high (typically >90%) but their number and configurations must be optimized for given application. [Pg.117]

Fig.2.n. Conversion diagram with a trajectory for a single cell and a trajectory for a fuel cell cascade in electric parallel configuration. Cell voltages are optimized for maximum electric power output. For quantitative results, see Tab. 2.1. [Pg.64]

For a particular hot water requirement the optimal work output will correspond to the point where net revenue generated is a maximum. Figures 9-11 illustrate net revenue curves as a function of the work/heat ratio for a required hot water temperature of 250°F and for various market conditions. [Pg.284]


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Optimizing output

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