Optical whiteners, determination

Spectrofluorimetric methods are applicable to the determination of aliphatic hydrocarbons, and humic and fulvic acids in soil, aliphatic hydrocarbons polyaromatic hydrocarbons, optical whiteners, and selenium in non-saline sediments, aliphatic aromatic and polyaromatic hydrocarbons and humic and fulvic acids in saline sediments. The only application found in luminescence spectroscopy is the determination of polychlorobiphenyl in soil. Generally speaking, concentrations down to the picogram (pg L 1), level can be determined by this technique with recovery efficiencies near f00%. 

The determination of optical whiteners in polymers by TLC and paper chromatography has been discussed by various workers [61,110-112]. These compounds include stilbene, cumarin, cyanine, imidazol, oxazol, thiozol, benzidine, pyrinidazol and carbostyryl derivitives. 

Procedures involving solvent extraction followed by thin-layer chromatography have been described for the determination of phenolic and amine types of antioxidants and optical whiteners in PVC. 

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